{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:25:51Z","timestamp":1790555151690,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            genus has historically been separated into four species, based on biochemical assays. The classification within each species relies on serotyping. Recently, genome sequencing and DNA assays, in particular the multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach, greatly improved the current knowledge of the origin and phylogenetic evolution of\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. The\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n            genera are now considered to belong to a unique genomospecies. Multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) provides valuable polymorphic markers for genotyping and performing phylogenetic analyses of highly homogeneous bacterial pathogens. Here, we assess the capability of MLVA for\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            typing. Thirty-two potentially polymorphic VNTRs were selected by analyzing in silico five\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            genomic sequences and subsequently evaluated. Eventually, a panel of 15 VNTRs was selected (i.e., MLVA15 analysis). MLVA15 analysis of 78 strains or genome sequences of\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. and 11 strains or genome sequences of\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            distinguished 83 genotypes.\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            population cluster analysis gave consistent results compared to MLST. MLVA15 analysis showed capabilities for\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            typing, providing classification among pathogenic and nonpathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains included in the study. The resulting data can be queried on our genotyping webpage (\n            <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"url\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/mlva.u-psud.fr\">http:\/\/mlva.u-psud.fr<\/jats:ext-link>\n            ). The MLVA15 assay is rapid, highly discriminatory, and reproducible for\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n            strains, suggesting that it could significantly contribute to epidemiological trace-back analysis of\n            <jats:italic>Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n            infections and pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia<\/jats:italic>\n            outbreaks. Typing was performed on strains obtained mostly from collections. Further studies should include strains of much more diverse origins, including all pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            types.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02027-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,24]],"date-time":"2008-01-24T02:00:08Z","timestamp":1201140008000},"page":"1026-1036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Selection and Validation of a Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis Panel for Typing\n            <i>Shigella<\/i>\n            spp"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Olivier","family":"Gorge\u0301","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Microbiology, Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, BP3, F-91710 Vert-le-Petit, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ste\u0301phanie","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Microbiology, Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, BP3, F-91710 Vert-le-Petit, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vale\u0301rie","family":"Hilaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Microbiology, Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, BP3, F-91710 Vert-le-Petit, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Lisanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Microbiology, Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, BP3, F-91710 Vert-le-Petit, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Ramisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Microbiology, Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, BP3, F-91710 Vert-le-Petit, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Vergnaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Microbiology, Centre d'Etudes du Bouchet, BP3, F-91710 Vert-le-Petit, France"},{"name":"Universite\u0301 Paris-Sud, Institut de Ge\u0301ne\u0301tique et Microbiologie, and CNRS, Orsay, F-91405, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2006.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"527","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chaignat, C. 2004. Shigellosis, p. 527-531. In D. L. Heyman (ed.), Control of communicable diseases manual, 18th ed. 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Skaletsky. 2000. Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers. Methods Mol. Biol.132:365-386.","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.4.1801-1804.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","unstructured":"Molecular cloning a laboratory manual 2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0703.017303"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-7-23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2006.00173.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","first-page":"83","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vergnaud, G., and C. Pourcel. 2006. Multiple locus VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat) analysis (MLVA), p. 83-104. In E. Stackebrandt (ed.), Molecular identification, systematics and population structure of prokaryotes, 1st ed. 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