{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T08:50:43Z","timestamp":1790671843546,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A total of 233 isolates of\n            <jats:italic>Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            were obtained from 2,912 cases of clinical respiratory disease in pigs in China, giving an isolation rate of 8.0%. Serogroup A\n            <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates were isolated from 92 cases (39.5%), and serogroup D isolates were isolated from 128 cases (54.9%); 12 isolates (5.2%) were untypeable.\n            <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            was the fourth most frequent pathogenic bacterium recovered from the respiratory tract, after\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus suis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Haemophilus parasuis<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            . All isolates were characterized for their susceptibilities to 20 antibiotics and the presence of 19 genes for virulence factors (VFs). The frequency of antimicrobial resistance among\n            <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates from swine in China was higher than that reported among\n            <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates from swine in from other countries, and 93.1% of the isolates showed multiple-drug resistance. There was a progressive increase in the rate of multiresistance to more than seven antibiotics, from 16.2% in 2003 to 62.8% in 2007. The resistance profiles suggested that cephalosporins, florfenicol, and fluoroquinolones were the drugs most likely to be active against\n            <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            . Use of PCR showed that colonization factors (\n            <jats:italic>ptfA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>fimA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>hsf-2<\/jats:italic>\n            ), iron acquisition factors, sialidases (\n            <jats:italic>nanH<\/jats:italic>\n            ), and outer membrane proteins occurred in most porcine strains. The VFs\n            <jats:italic>pfhA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>tadD<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>toxA<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>pmHAS<\/jats:italic>\n            were each present in &lt;50% of strains. The various VFs exhibited distinctive associations with serogroups: concentrated in serogroup A, concentrated in serogroup D, or occurring jointly in serogroups A and D. These findings provide novel insights into the epidemiological characteristics of porcine\n            <jats:italic>P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates and suggest that the potential threat of such multiresistant bacteria in food-producing animals should not be neglected.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02029-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,22]],"date-time":"2009-01-22T02:10:15Z","timestamp":1232590215000},"page":"951-958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":159,"title":["Isolation, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Virulence Genes of\n            <i>Pasteurella multocida<\/i>\n            Strains from Swine in China"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Xibiao","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanqin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuwang","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qigai","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanchun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2004.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1656(99)00111-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.44.692"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"23","volume":"52","year":"1988","unstructured":"B\u00e4ckstr\u00f6m, L. 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