{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T03:38:59Z","timestamp":1768102739755,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,1]],"date-time":"2007-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1170288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            PCR has greatly facilitated pertussis diagnosis due to the speed, sensitivity, and specificity of this assay compared to other detection methods. Various single-target PCR assays are currently utilized, but none is universally considered to be the \u201cgold standard.\u201d Our aim was to assess the use of multitarget versus single-target PCR for the diagnosis of pertussis in clinical samples. PCR assays targeting insertion sequence IS\n            <jats:italic>481<\/jats:italic>\n            (IS), pertussis toxin\n            <jats:italic>ptxA<\/jats:italic>\n            promoter region (PT), and outer membrane porin (PO), or\n            <jats:italic>recA<\/jats:italic>\n            (RA) were evaluated in respiratory specimens collected from 4,442 patients with suspected pertussis. The diagnosis of pertussis was confirmed in 309 (6.96%) patients by the 3-target IS-PT-PO\/RA PCR versus 247 (5.56%) by the conventional single-target IS (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.007). Compared to single-target IS, the three-target combination increased the proportion of positive specimens by 1.25-fold, and two-target combinations increased the proportion of positive specimens by 1.10- to 1.24-fold. In addition, nine cases of\n            <jats:italic>B. parapertussis<\/jats:italic>\n            infection were also confirmed by using the discriminative features of this multitarget PCR. Of the 89 culture-proven pertussis cases, 17 (19.1%) and 5 of the 16 patients (31.3%) admitted to intensive care unit would have been missed had only the single-target IS PCR been applied. Patients with mild disease (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.004) and shorter hospitalization (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.006) were less likely to have positive cultures. This consensus generating real-time PCR approach permits a sensitive detection, as well as an accurate species identification of the causative\n            <jats:italic>Bordetella<\/jats:italic>\n            pathogens for the timely management of patients.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02042-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,7]],"date-time":"2006-12-07T02:10:56Z","timestamp":1165457456000},"page":"506-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Multitarget PCR for Diagnosis of Pertussis and Its Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Laboratories and Pathology, Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil","family":"Galanakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine and Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily T.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine and Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet A.","family":"Englund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Allergy, and Rheumatology, University of Washington School of Medicine and Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2005.00565.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"351","volume":"7","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bamberger, E., N. Lahat, V. Gershtein, R. Gershtein, D. Benilevi, S. Shapiro, I. Kassis, L. Rubin, and I. Srugo. 2005. Diagnosing pertussis: the role of polymerase chain reaction. Isr. Med. Assoc. J.7:351-354.","journal-title":"Isr. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.11.6.1045-1053.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-6-53"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/500321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"CDC. 2000. Guidelines for the control of pertussis outbreaks. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services CDC Atlanta GA. 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