{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T20:06:02Z","timestamp":1771013162993,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,1]],"date-time":"2007-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1180656000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Phenotypic methods take several days for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of staphylococcal isolates after gram-positive cocci in clusters (GPCC) are observed in positive blood cultures. We developed and validated a StaphPlex system that amplifies and detects 18 gene targets simultaneously in 1 reaction for species-level identification of staphylococci, detection of genes encoding Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), and antimicrobial resistance determinants of staphylococci. The StaphPlex system was compared to phenotypic methods for organism identification and antimicrobial resistance detection for positive blood culture specimens in which GPCC were observed. Among a total of 360 GPCC specimens, 273 (75.8%), 37 (10.3%), 37 (10.3%), 1 (0.3%), 3 (0.8%), and 9 (2.5%) were identified by StaphPlex as coagulase-negative\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic>\n            (CoNS), methicillin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (MSSA), or mixed infections of CoNS and MRSA, CoNS and MSSA, or nonstaphylococci, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 91.7%. The 277 CoNS-containing specimens were further identified to the species level as containing 203 (73.3%)\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, 10 (3.6%)\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus haemolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, 27 (9.7%)\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus hominis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates, 1 (0.4%)\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus lugdunensis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolate, and 36 (13.0%) other CoNS isolates, with an overall accuracy of 80.1% compared to an API STAPH test and CDC reference identification. Numerous very major errors were noticed when detection of\n            <jats:italic>aacA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>ermA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>ermC<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>tetM<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>tetK<\/jats:italic>\n            was used to predict in vitro antimicrobial resistance, but relatively few major errors were observed when the absence of these genes was used to predict susceptibility. The StaphPlex system demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity, ranging from 95.5% to 100.0% when used for staphylococcal cassette chromosome\n            <jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>\n            typing and PVL detection. StaphPlex provides simultaneous staphylococcal identification and detection of PVL and antimicrobial resistance determinants within 5 h, significantly shortening the time needed for phenotypic identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02100-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]],"date-time":"2007-04-20T00:39:42Z","timestamp":1177029582000},"page":"1867-1873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["StaphPlex System for Rapid and Simultaneous Identification of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin Detection of Staphylococci from Positive Blood Cultures"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Yi-Wei","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Kilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qunying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genaco Biomedical Products, Inc., Huntsville, Alabama 35805"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigrid K.","family":"McAllister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haijing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca S.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genaco Biomedical Products, Inc., Huntsville, Alabama 35805"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melinda","family":"McCormac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen D.","family":"Tracy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genaco Biomedical Products, Inc., Huntsville, Alabama 35805"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles W.","family":"Stratton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genaco Biomedical Products, Inc., Huntsville, Alabama 35805"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandi","family":"Limbago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08713-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03460030071031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.8.1611"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/106.5.600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/517215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4324-4327.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests; approved standard 2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.29.10.2193-2196.1991"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427701"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427148"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.7.3309-3312.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.3.1149-1157.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/plas.1993.1045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01762-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.8.593"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.5.1875-1884.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.830-838.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01546-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"282","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kloos, W. 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