{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T22:02:38Z","timestamp":1759010558253},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identification of individuals infected with<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>is essential for the control of tuberculosis (TB). The specificity of the currently used tuberculin skin test (TST) is poor because of the broad antigenic cross-reactivity of purified protein derivative (PPD) with BCG vaccine strains and environmental mycobacteria. Both ESAT-6 and CFP-10, two secretory proteins that are highly specific for<jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>complex, elicit strong T-cell responses in subjects with TB. Using an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT)-IFN-\u03b3 assay and a restricted pool of peptides derived from ESAT-6 and CFP-10, we have previously demonstrated a high degree of specificity and sensitivity of the test for the diagnosis of TB. Here, 119 contacts of individuals with contagious TB who underwent TST and the ELISPOT-IFN-\u03b3 assay were consecutively recruited. We compared the efficacy of the two tests in detecting latent TB infection and defined a more appropriate TST cutoff point. There was little agreement between the tests (k = 0.33,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.0001): 53% of the contacts with a positive TST were ELISPOT negative, and 7% with a negative TST were ELISPOT positive. Furthermore, respectively 76 and 59% of the ELISPOT-negative contacts responded in vitro to BCG and PPD, suggesting that most of them were BCG vaccinated or infected with nontuberculous mycobacteria. The number of spot-forming cells significantly correlated with TST induration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.0001). Our in-house ELISPOT assay based on a restricted pool of highly selected peptides is more accurate than TST for identifying individuals with latent TB infection and could improve chemoprophylaxis for the control of TB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02265-05","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,7]],"date-time":"2006-06-07T10:58:07Z","timestamp":1149677887000},"page":"1944-1950","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An In-House RD1-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunospot-Gamma Interferon Assay Instead of the Tuberculin Skin Test for Diagnosis of Latent<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>Infection"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Luigi","family":"Codecasa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Villa Marelli Institute, Lombardy Regional Reference Centre for Tuberculosis, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Mantegani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Lazzarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"\u201cVita-Salute\u201d San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Scarpellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Fortis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.supplement_3.ats600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.16141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02742-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/315448"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.6.3314-3321.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108567"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-144-11-3195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3527","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.8.3527","volume":"157","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brandt, L., T. 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