{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:18:28Z","timestamp":1792196308899,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Outbreaks and pseudo-outbreaks of infection related to bronchoscopy typically involve Gram-negative bacteria,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Mycobacterium<\/jats:named-content>\n            species or\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Legionella<\/jats:named-content>\n            species. We report an unusual bronchoscopy-related pseudo-outbreak due to\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces graevenitzii<\/jats:named-content>\n            . Extensive epidemiological and microbiological investigation failed to identify a common source. Strain typing revealed that the cluster was comprised of heterogeneous strains of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">A. graevenitzii<\/jats:named-content>\n            . A change in laboratory procedures for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            cultures was coincident with the emergence of the pseudo-outbreak, and we determined that\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">A. graevenitzii<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates more readily adopted a white, dry, molar tooth appearance on anaerobic colistin nalidixic acid (CNA) agar which likely facilitated its detection and identification in bronchoscopic specimens. This unusual pseudo-outbreak was related to frequent requests of bronchoscopists for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            cultures combined with a change in microbiology laboratory practices.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02302-14","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,30]],"date-time":"2014-10-30T03:41:10Z","timestamp":1414640470000},"page":"113-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pseudo-Outbreak of Actinomyces graevenitzii Associated with Bronchoscopy"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"David R.","family":"Peaper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"},{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy L.","family":"Havill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Aniskiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Callan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Pop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Towle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Boyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"},{"name":"Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000321247"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.11.2008.1262"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.040394-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2011.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00761-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-47-3-885"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2005.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345000790031301"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"3.11.2.1","volume-title":"Clinical microbiology procedures handbook","author":"York MK","year":"2010","unstructured":"York MK, Gilligan P, Church DL. 2010. Aerobic bacteriology, lower respiratory tract cultures, p 3.11.2.1\u20133.11.2.17. In Garcia LS, Isenberg HD (ed), Clinical microbiology procedures handbook, 3rd ed. ASM Press, Washington, DC.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","volume-title":"CLSI document MM18-A","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2008","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2008. Interpretive criteria for identification of bacteria and fungi by DNA target sequencing; approved guideline. CLSI document MM18-A. 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C.","family":"Carroll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.02302-14"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.02302-14","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-08-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-10-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-12-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}