{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:22:05Z","timestamp":1789384925505,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,1]],"date-time":"2009-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1241136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Among the different strains of\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            , Beijing has been identified as an emerging genotype. Enhanced transmissibility provides a potential mechanism for genotype selection. This study evaluated whether the Beijing genotype is more readily transmitted than other prevalent genotypes to children in contact with an adult tuberculosis (TB) index case in the child's household. We conducted a prospective, community-based study at two primary health care clinics in Cape Town, South Africa, from January 2003 through December 2004. Bacteriologically confirmed new adult pulmonary TB cases were genotyped by IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            DNA fingerprinting; household contacts less than 5 years were traced and screened for\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            infection and\/or disease. A total of 187 adult index cases were identified from 174 households with children aged less than 5 years. Of 261 child contacts aged 0 to 5 years, 219 (83.9%) were completely evaluated and the isolate from the index case was successfully genotyped.\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            infection (induration of \u226510 mm by Mantoux tuberculin skin test) was documented in 118\/219 (53.9%) children; 34 (15.5%) had radiographic signs suggestive of active TB. There was no significant difference in the ratio of infected children among those exposed to the Beijing genotype (51\/89; 57.3%) and those exposed to non-Beijing genotypes (55\/115; 47.8%) (odds ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 2.7). Genotyping was successful for six children diagnosed with active TB; the isolates from only two children had IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            fingerprints that were identical to the IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            fingerprint of the isolate from the presumed index case. We found no significant association between the\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            genotype and transmissibility within the household. However, undocumented\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            exposure may have been a major confounding factor in this setting with a high burden of TB.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02490-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,5]],"date-time":"2009-03-05T02:37:02Z","timestamp":1236220622000},"page":"1338-1343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n            Transmission Is Not Related to Household Genotype in a Setting of High Endemicity"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"B. J.","family":"Marais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital"},{"name":"Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. C.","family":"Hesseling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. S.","family":"Schaaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital"},{"name":"Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. P.","family":"Gie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Tygerberg Children's Hospital"},{"name":"Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. D.","family":"van Helden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"},{"name":"DST\/NRF Centre of Excellence in Biomedical Tuberculosis Research\/MRC Centre for Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. M.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Desmond Tutu Tuberculosis Research Centre, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"},{"name":"DST\/NRF Centre of Excellence in Biomedical Tuberculosis Research\/MRC Centre for Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03162.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200509-1526OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0603.000312"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Reference deleted."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"888","volume":"40","year":"2002","unstructured":"Carroll, N. M., M. Richardson, E. Engelke, C. Lombard, and P. van Helden. 2002. Reduction of the rate of false-positive cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a laboratory with a high culture positivity rate. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med.40:888-892.","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","unstructured":"Western Cape provincial EPI vaccination survey 2005. 2007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/592575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-6-134"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"32","year":"2000","unstructured":"Department of Health, South Africa. 2000. National tuberculosis control programme: practical guidelines 2000, p. 32-37. 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