{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T07:40:55Z","timestamp":1792654855408,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,1]],"date-time":"2007-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1185926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two species of<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>, a novel<jats:italic>Bartonella clarridgeiae<\/jats:italic>-like bacterium and<jats:italic>B. vinsonii<\/jats:italic>subsp.<jats:italic>berkhoffii<\/jats:italic>, were isolated from rural dogs and gray foxes in northern California. A novel<jats:italic>B. clarridgeiae<\/jats:italic>-like species was isolated from 3 (1.7%) of 182 dogs and 22 (42%) of 53 gray foxes, while<jats:italic>B. vinsonii<\/jats:italic>subsp.<jats:italic>berkhoffii<\/jats:italic>was isolated from 1 dog (0.5%) and 5 gray foxes (9.4%). PCR and DNA sequence analyses of the citrate synthase (<jats:italic>gltA<\/jats:italic>) gene and the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region suggested that strains infecting dogs and gray foxes were identical. Fifty-four dogs (29%) and 48 gray foxes (89%) had reciprocal titers of antibodies against<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. of \u226564. The high prevalence of bacteremia and seroreactivity to<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. in gray foxes suggests that they may act as a reservoir species for the<jats:italic>B. clarridgeiae<\/jats:italic>-like species in this region. Domestic dogs were also tested for other arthropod-borne infectious agents. Fifty-one dogs (28%) were positive for<jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic>antigen, seventy-four (40%) were seroreactive to<jats:italic>Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>, and five (2.7%) were seropositive for<jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>. Fourteen dogs (7.6%) were PCR positive for<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>. Polytomous logistic regression models were used to assess the association of<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>antibody titer categories with potential risk factors and the presence of other vector-borne agents in domestic dogs. Older dogs were more likely to be seroreactive to<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. There was no association between the exposure of dogs to<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>and the exposure of dogs to<jats:italic>A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>in this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02539-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,7]],"date-time":"2007-06-07T00:55:06Z","timestamp":1181177706000},"page":"2411-2418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Gray Foxes (<i>Urocyon cinereoargenteus<\/i>) as a Potential Reservoir of a<i>Bartonella clarridgeiae<\/i>-Like Bacterium and Domestic Dogs as Part of a Sentinel System for Surveillance of Zoonotic Arthropod-Borne Pathogens in Northern California"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Jennifer B.","family":"Henn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California"},{"name":"Vector-Borne Disease Section, California Department of Health Services, Sacramento, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mourad W.","family":"Gabriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rickie W.","family":"Kasten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard N.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerold H.","family":"Theis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet E.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno B.","family":"Chomel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2005.5.110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2005.tb00284.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2005009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.3.428"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.11.3618-3626.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"21","volume":"48","year":"1999","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1999. 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