{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:42:45Z","timestamp":1780472565001,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shigella flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n            is the major cause of shigellosis in developing countries. A new\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n            serotype, Xv, appeared in 2000 and replaced serotype 2a as the most prevalent serotype in China. Serotype Xv is a variant of serotype X, with phosphoethanolamine modification of its O antigen mediated by a plasmid that contained the\n            <jats:italic>opt<\/jats:italic>\n            gene. Serotype Xv isolates belong to sequence type 91 (ST91). In this study, whole-genome sequencing of 59\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates of 14 serotypes (serotypes 1 to 4, Y, Yv, X, and Xv) indicated that ST91 arose around 1993 by acquiring multidrug resistance (MDR) and spread across China within a decade. A comparative analysis of the chromosome and\n            <jats:italic>opt<\/jats:italic>\n            -carrying plasmid pSFXv_2 revealed independent origins of 3 serotype Xv clusters in China, with different divergence times. Using 18 cluster-dividing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), SNP typing divided 380 isolates from 3 provinces (Henan, Gansu, and Anhui) into 5 SNP genotypes (SGs). One SG predominated in each province, but substantial interregional spread of SGs was also evident. These findings suggest that MDR is the key selective pressure for the emergence of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">S. flexneri<\/jats:named-content>\n            epidemic clone and that\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Shigella<\/jats:named-content>\n            epidemics in China were caused by a combination of local expansion and interregional spread of serotype Xv.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02669-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,23]],"date-time":"2014-01-23T04:38:01Z","timestamp":1390451881000},"page":"1119-1126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Genomic Portrait of the Evolution and Epidemic Spread of a Recently Emerged Multidrug-Resistant Shigella flexneri Clone in China"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Nan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiting","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiangzheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 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