{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:05:18Z","timestamp":1791385518392,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1456790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008535","name":"Calgary Laboratory Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008535","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            species are uncommon but important causes of invasive infections. The ability of our regional clinical microbiology laboratory to report species-level identification of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            relied on molecular identification by partial sequencing of the 16S ribosomal gene prior to the implementation of the Vitek MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization\u2013time of flight mass spectrometry [MALDI-TOF MS]) system. We compared the use of the Vitek MS to that of 16S rRNA gene sequencing for reliable species-level identification of invasive infections caused by\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. because limited data had been published for this important genera. A total of 115 cases of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp., either alone or as part of a polymicrobial infection, were diagnosed between 2011 and 2014.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. were considered the principal pathogen in bloodstream infections (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 17, 15%), in skin and soft tissue abscesses (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 25, 22%), and in pulmonary (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 26, 23%), bone (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 27, 23%), intraabdominal (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 16, 14%), and central nervous system (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 4, 3%) infections. Compared to sequencing and identification from the SmartGene Integrated Database Network System (IDNS), Vitek MS identified 47\/115 (41%) isolates to the correct species and 10 (9%) isolates to the correct genus. However, the Vitek MS was unable to provide identification for 43 (37%) isolates while 15 (13%) had discordant results. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA sequences demonstrate high diversity in recovered\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. and provide additional information to compare\/confirm discordant identifications between MALDI-TOF and 16S rRNA gene sequences. This study highlights the diversity of clinically relevant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. and provides an important typing comparison. Based on our analysis, 16S rRNA gene sequencing should be used to rapidly identify\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Actinomyces<\/jats:named-content>\n            spp. until MALDI-TOF databases are optimized.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.02872-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]],"date-time":"2016-01-07T03:30:02Z","timestamp":1452137402000},"page":"712-717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Species-Level Identification of Actinomyces Isolates Causing Invasive Infections: Multiyear Comparison of Vitek MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization\u2013Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry) to Partial Sequencing of the 16S rRNA Gene"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Lynch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Calgary Laboratory Services (CLS), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Gregson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Calgary Laboratory Services (CLS), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Church","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Calgary Laboratory Services (CLS), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d6099"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00100-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/database\/baq013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02156-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"YD03","article-title":"Primary cutaneous actinomycosis: a case report","volume":"8","author":"Bose M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bose M, Ghosh R, Mukherjee K, Ghoshal L. 2014. 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