{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T02:32:27Z","timestamp":1773455547384,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,1]],"date-time":"2014-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393632000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Enterococci are a major cause of health care-associated infections and account for approximately 10% of all bacteremias globally. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of enterococcal bacteremia isolates in Australia that are antimicrobial resistant, with particular emphasis on susceptibility to ampicillin and the glycopeptides, and to characterize the molecular epidemiology of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Enterococcus faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Enterococcus faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates. From 1 January to 31 December 2011, 1,079 unique episodes of bacteremia were investigated, of which 95.8% were caused by either\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            (61.0%) or\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            (34.8%). The majority of bacteremias were health care associated, and approximately one-third were polymicrobial. Ampicillin resistance was detected in 90.4% of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates but was not detected in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates. Vancomycin nonsusceptibility was reported in 0.6% and 36.5% of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates, respectively. Unlike Europe and the United States, where vancomycin resistance in\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            is predominately due to the acquisition of the\n            <jats:italic>vanA<\/jats:italic>\n            operon, 98.4% of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates harboring\n            <jats:italic>van<\/jats:italic>\n            genes carried the\n            <jats:italic>vanB<\/jats:italic>\n            operon, and 16.1% of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">vanB E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates had vancomycin MICs at or below the susceptible breakpoint of the CLSI. Although molecular typing identified 126\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecalis<\/jats:named-content>\n            pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pulsotypes, &gt;50% belonged to two pulsotypes that were isolated across Australia.\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            consisted of 73 pulsotypes from which 43 multilocus sequence types were identified. Almost 90% of the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            isolates were identified as CC17 clones, of which approximately half were characterized as ST203, which was isolated Australia-wide. In conclusion, the Australian Enterococcal Sepsis Outcome Programme (AESOP) study has shown that although they are polyclonal, enterococcal bacteremias in Australia are frequently caused by ampicillin-resistant\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">vanB E. faecium<\/jats:named-content>\n            .\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.03286-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T21:56:50Z","timestamp":1388786210000},"page":"897-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Molecular Epidemiology of Enterococcal Bacteremia in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Geoffrey W.","family":"Coombs","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Collaborating Centre for Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Species (ACCESS) Typing and Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie C.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Collaborating Centre for Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Species (ACCESS) Typing and Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise A.","family":"Daley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tam","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Owen J.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Collaborating Centre for Enterococcus and Staphylococcus Species (ACCESS) Typing and Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine-WA, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Hospital, Concord, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin P.","family":"Howden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul D. 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