{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:25:20Z","timestamp":1768285520586,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"SwissTransMed","award":["RaDAR-Go"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RaDAR-Go"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Resistance to antibiotics used against\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            infections is a major public health concern. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) testing relies on time-consuming culture-based methods. Development of rapid molecular tests for detection of AMR determinants could provide valuable tools for surveillance and epidemiological studies and for informing individual case management. We developed a fast (&lt;1.5-h) SYBR green-based real-time PCR method with high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. One triplex and three duplex reactions included two sequences for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            identification and seven determinants of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs), azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and spectinomycin. The method was validated by testing 39 previously fully characterized\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            strains, 19 commensal\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria<\/jats:named-content>\n            species strains, and an additional panel of 193 gonococcal isolates. Results were compared with results of culture-based AMR determination. The assay correctly identified\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. gonorrhoeae<\/jats:named-content>\n            and the presence or absence of the seven AMR determinants. There was some cross-reactivity with nongonococcal\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria<\/jats:named-content>\n            species, and the detection limit was 10\n            <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n            to 10\n            <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n            genomic DNA (gDNA) copies\/reaction. Overall, the platform accurately detected resistance to ciprofloxacin (sensitivity and specificity, 100%), ceftriaxone (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 90%), cefixime (sensitivity, 92%; specificity, 94%), azithromycin (sensitivity and specificity, 100%), and spectinomycin (sensitivity and specificity, 100%). In conclusion, our methodology accurately detects mutations that generate resistance to antibiotics used to treat gonorrhea. Low assay sensitivity prevents direct diagnostic testing of clinical specimens, but this method can be used to screen collections of gonococcal isolates for AMR more quickly than current culture-based AMR testing.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.03354-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T03:35:27Z","timestamp":1464233727000},"page":"2074-2081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay with High-Resolution Melting Analysis for Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Don\u00e0","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Kasraian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnese","family":"Lupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuvia N.","family":"Guilarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hansjakob","family":"Furrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Unemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00d6rebro University, \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Endimiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06215.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","volume-title":"Global action plan to control the spread and impact of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2012. Global action plan to control the spread and impact of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01010-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05760-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2014-051552"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unemo M Golparian D Potocnik M Jeverica S. 2012. Treatment failure of pharyngeal gonorrhoea with internationally recommended first-line ceftriaxone verified in Slovenia September 2011. Euro Surveill 17(25):pii=20200. http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20200.","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.25.20200-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unemo M Golparian D Stary A Eigentler A. 2011. First Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain with resistance to cefixime causing gonorrhoea treatment failure in Austria 2011. Euro Surveill 16(43):pii=19998. http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=19998.","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.16.43.19998-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00309-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.9.3020-3025.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.3.734-738.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.11.4653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2013.00186"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.032136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2006.050045"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001598"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.21019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.097121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2012.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2009.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-012-0212-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01909-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s101560200025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2002.1100909.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkv366"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp098"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","volume-title":"CLSI document M100-S25","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2015","unstructured":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2015. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; twenty-fifth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S25. CLSI, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","unstructured":"EUCAST. 2015. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters version 5.0. http:\/\/www.eucast.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1408109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Golparian D Johansson E Unemo M. 2012. Clinical Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolate with a N. meningitidis porA gene and no prolyliminopeptidase activity Sweden 2011: danger of false-negative genetic and culture diagnostic results. Euro Surveill 17(9):pii=20102. http:\/\/www.eurosurveillance.org\/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=20102.","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.09.20102-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000154495.24519.bf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1170-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.12.3744-3749.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.26.5.896-900.1988"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05341-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01604-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-008-0610-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.03354-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.03354-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T08:53:46Z","timestamp":1646470426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.03354-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"E.","family":"Munson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.03354-15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.03354-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-12-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-07-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}