{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:36:12Z","timestamp":1791333372047,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,1]],"date-time":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330560000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Neisseria meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:named-content>\n            are important causes of meningitis and other infections, and rapid, sensitive, and specific laboratory assays are critical for effective public health interventions. Singleplex real-time PCR assays have been developed to detect\n            <jats:italic>N. meningitidis ctrA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. influenzae hpd<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae lytA<\/jats:italic>\n            and serogroup-specific genes in the\n            <jats:italic>cap<\/jats:italic>\n            locus for\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroups A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. However, the assay sensitivity for serogroups B, W135, and Y is low. We aimed to improve assay sensitivity and develop multiplex assays to reduce time and cost. New singleplex real-time PCR assays for serogroup B\n            <jats:italic>synD<\/jats:italic>\n            , W135\n            <jats:italic>synG<\/jats:italic>\n            , and Y\n            <jats:italic>synF<\/jats:italic>\n            showed 100% specificity for detecting\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            species, with high sensitivity (serogroup B\n            <jats:italic>synD<\/jats:italic>\n            , 99% [75\/76]; W135\n            <jats:italic>synG<\/jats:italic>\n            , 97% [38\/39]; and Y\n            <jats:italic>synF<\/jats:italic>\n            , 100% [66\/66]). The lower limits of detection (LLD) were 9, 43, and 10 copies\/reaction for serogroup B\n            <jats:italic>synD<\/jats:italic>\n            , W135\n            <jats:italic>synG<\/jats:italic>\n            , and Y\n            <jats:italic>synF<\/jats:italic>\n            assays, respectively, a significant improvement compared to results for the previous singleplex assays. We developed three multiplex real-time PCR assays for detection of (i)\n            <jats:italic>N. meningitidis ctrA<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">H. influenzae hpd<\/jats:named-content>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae lytA<\/jats:italic>\n            (NHS assay); (ii)\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroups A, W135, and X (AWX assay); and (iii)\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">N. meningitidis<\/jats:named-content>\n            serogroups B, C, and Y (BCY assay). Each multiplex assay was 100% specific for detecting its target organisms or serogroups, and the LLD was similar to that for the singleplex assay. Pairwise comparison of real-time PCR between multiplex and singleplex assays showed that cycle threshold values of the multiplex assay were similar to those for the singleplex assay. There were no substantial differences in sensitivity and specificity between these multiplex and singleplex real-time PCR assays.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.06087-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,15]],"date-time":"2011-12-15T04:57:46Z","timestamp":1323925066000},"page":"702-708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["Clinical Validation of Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assays for Detection of Bacterial Meningitis Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Jordan","family":"Theodore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raydel","family":"Mair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Trujillo-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advance Diagnostic Laboratory, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mignon","family":"du Plessis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Wolter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew L.","family":"Baughman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV\/AIDS, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Hatcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeni","family":"Vuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacterial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Lott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advance Diagnostic Laboratory, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"von Gottberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Immunology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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