{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:12:48Z","timestamp":1785885168924,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,1,1]],"date-time":"1998-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":883612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We report an outbreak of epidemic\n            <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            strains characterized by an unusual heterogeneous resistance to methicillin and resistance to tobramycin but susceptibility to gentamicin (gentamicin-susceptible methicillin-resistant\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            [GS-MRSA]), contrasting with gentamicin-resistant homogeneous MRSA (GR-MRSA) that have been endemic in our hospital since the 1970s. A total of 97 GS-MRSA strains, which were shown by DNA hybridization to carry the\n            <jats:italic>mecA<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>ant(4\u2032)-Ia<\/jats:italic>\n            genes, were studied. The 40 GS-MRSA strains isolated at the beginning of the outbreak (January 1992 to June 1993) were typed by using resistance patterns, phage typing, serotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and were compared with GR-MRSA and methicillin-susceptible\n            <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n            (MSSA) strains isolated during the same period. Two dominant clones, A::1 and B::3, and one minor clone, C::5, were identified among the 40 GS-MRSA strains, according to pulsotypes (A to C) and their resistance patterns (1, 3, and 5), which were distinguishable from those of GR-MRSA and MSSA strains. A selection of 57 GS-MRSA strains, isolated from 1994 to 1996, were clustered in the same three clones. However, their distribution had changed in comparison with that in the 1992 to 1993 period: clone A::1 remained dominant (47 versus 42.5%), whereas clone B::3 progressively declined (5 versus 35%) and clone C::5, the most susceptible to antibiotics, spread (44 versus 2.5%). Epidemiological investigations revealed that some clones had been introduced via patients transferred from other hospitals and that cross-infection occurred within and between wards. Major changes in the use of antibiotics, especially aminoglycosides, cyclines, and macrolides, likely played a role in the emergence and spread of GS-MRSA strains.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.36.1.81-85.1998","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T17:21:43Z","timestamp":1577812903000},"page":"81-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Characterization of Gentamicin-Susceptible Strains of Methicillin-Resistant\n            <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n            Involved in Nosocomial Spread"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Nadine","family":"Lemai\u0302tre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Hygie\u0300ne1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wladimir","family":"Sougakoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Hygie\u0300ne1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afef","family":"Masmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Hygie\u0300ne1 and"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire La Rabta, Tunis, Tunisia2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-He\u0301le\u0300ne","family":"Fievet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Pharmacie,3 Groupe Hospitalier Pitie\u0301-Salpe\u0302trie\u0300re, Paris, France, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Bismuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Hygie\u0300ne1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Jarlier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie-Hygie\u0300ne1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ayliffe G. 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