{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T01:01:18Z","timestamp":1793149278187,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]],"date-time":"1999-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":920246400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The phylogeny of 46 geographically diverse\n            <jats:italic>Histoplasma capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates representing the three varieties\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>duboisii<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>farciminosum<\/jats:italic>\n            was evaluated using partial DNA sequences of four protein coding genes. Parsimony and distance analysis of the separate genes were generally congruent and analysis of the combined data identified six clades: (i) class 1 North American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            , (ii) class 2 North American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            , (iii) Central American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            , (iv) South American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            group A, (v) South American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            group B, and (vi)\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>duboisii<\/jats:italic>\n            . Although the clades were generally well supported, the relationships among them were not resolved and the nearest outgroups (\n            <jats:italic>Blastomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Paracoccidioides<\/jats:italic>\n            ) were too distant to unequivocally root the\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            tree.\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>farciminosum<\/jats:italic>\n            was found within the South American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            group A clade. With the exception of the South American\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            var.\n            <jats:italic>capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            group A clade, genetic distances within clades were an order of magnitude lower than those between clades, and each clade was supported by a number of shared derived nucleotide substitutions, leading to the conclusion that each clade was genetically isolated from the others. Under a phylogenetic species concept based on possession of multiple shared derived characters, as well as concordance of four gene genealogies,\n            <jats:italic>H. capsulatum<\/jats:italic>\n            could be considered to harbor six species instead of three varieties.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.37.3.653-663.1999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T17:43:06Z","timestamp":1577814186000},"page":"653-663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":172,"title":["Phylogenetic Relationships of Varieties and Geographical Groups of the Human Pathogenic Fungus\n            <i>Histoplasma capsulatum<\/i>\n            Darling"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Takao","family":"Kasuga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, California 94501,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 947202"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, California 94501,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Histoplasmosis\u2014a dual entity: histoplasmosis capsulati and histoplasmosis duboisii","volume":"79","author":"Ajello L.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ajello L. 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