{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T09:52:19Z","timestamp":1761126739804},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,4,1]],"date-time":"1999-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":922924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We genetically characterized multidrug-resistant\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            complex strains which caused a nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis affecting six human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and one HIV-negative staff member (E. Bouvet, E. Casalino, G. Mendoza-Sassi, S. Lariven, E. Valle\u0301e, M. Pernet, S. Gottot, and F. Vachon, AIDS 7:1453\u20131460, 1993). The strains showed all the phenotypic characteristics of\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            . They presented a high copy number of IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            , the spacers 40 to 43 in the direct repeat locus, and the\n            <jats:italic>mtp40<\/jats:italic>\n            fragment. They lacked the G-A mutation at position 285 in the\n            <jats:italic>oxyR<\/jats:italic>\n            gene and the C-G mutation at position 169 in the\n            <jats:italic>pncA<\/jats:italic>\n            gene. These genetic characteristics revealed that these were dysgonic, slow-growing\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            strains mimicking the\n            <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic>\n            phenotype, probably as a consequence of cellular alterations associated with the multidrug resistance. Spoligotyping and IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis confirmed that the outbreak was due to a single strain. However, the IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            RFLP pattern of the strain isolated from the last patient, diagnosed three years after the index case, differed slightly from the patterns of the other six strains. A model of a possible genetic event is presented to explain this divergence. This study stresses the value of using several independent molecular markers to identify multidrug-resistant tubercle bacilli.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.37.4.971-975.1999","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T17:43:58Z","timestamp":1577814238000},"page":"971-975","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Molecular Markers Demonstrate that the First Described Multidrug-Resistant\n            <i>Mycobacterium bovis<\/i>\n            Outbreak Was Due to\n            <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"M. C.","family":"Gutie\u0301rrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Centre National de Re\u0301fe\u0301rence des Mycobacte\u0301ries, Institut Pasteur,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Gala\u0301n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Servicio de Microbiolog\u0131\u0301a, Hospital Ramo\u0301n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bla\u0301zquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Servicio de Microbiolog\u0131\u0301a, Hospital Ramo\u0301n y Cajal, Madrid, Spain2"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Bouvet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Clinique de Re\u0301animation des Maladies Infectieuses, Ho\u0302pital Bichat-Claude Bernard,3 Paris, France, and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Vincent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Centre National de Re\u0301fe\u0301rence des Mycobacte\u0301ries, Institut Pasteur,1 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530300036037"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.6.1390-1393.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199311000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"263","article-title":"Mesure de la sensibilit\u00e9 du bacille tuberculeux aux drogues antibacillaires pour la m\u00e9thode des proportions","volume":"27","author":"Canetti G.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Canetti G. 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