{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T16:51:49Z","timestamp":1789663909221,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]],"date-time":"2000-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":951868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            was identified in human liver tissue by PCR, hybridization, and partial DNA sequencing. Liver biopsies were obtained from patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 12), primary biliary cirrhosis (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 12), and noncholestatic liver cirrhosis (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 13) and (as controls) normal livers (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 10). PCR analyses were carried out using primers for the\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            genus,\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            (the gene encoding a species-specific 26-kDa protein and the 16S rRNA),\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter bilis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter pullorum<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter hepaticus<\/jats:italic>\n            . Samples from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis (11 and 9 samples, respectively) were positive by PCR with\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            genus-specific primers. Of these 20 samples, 8 were positive with the 16S rRNA primer and 9 were positive with the 26-kDa protein primer of\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            . These nine latter samples were also positive by Southern blot hybridization for the amplified 26-kDa fragment, and four of those were verified to be\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            by partial 16S rDNA sequencing. None of the samples reacted with primers for\n            <jats:italic>H. bilis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>H. pullorum<\/jats:italic>\n            , or\n            <jats:italic>H. hepaticus<\/jats:italic>\n            . None of the normal livers had positive results in the\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            genus PCR assay, and only one patient in the noncholestatic liver cirrhosis group, a young boy who at reexamination showed histological features suggesting primary sclerosing cholangitis, had a positive result in the same assay.\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            positivity was thus significantly more common in patients with cholestatic diseases (20 of 24) than in patients with noncholestatic diseases and normal controls (1 of 23) (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = &lt;0.00001). Patients positive for\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            genus had significantly higher values of alkaline phosphatases and prothrombin complex than\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            -negative patients (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.0001 and\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.0003, respectively). Among primary sclerosing cholangitis patients,\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            genus PCR positivity was weakly associated with ulcerative colitis (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.05). Significant differences related to blood group or HLA status were not found.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.38.3.1072-1076.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T17:53:50Z","timestamp":1577814830000},"page":"1072-1076","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":197,"title":["Identification of\n            <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n            and Other\n            <i>Helicobacter<\/i>\n            Species by PCR, Hybridization, and Partial DNA Sequencing in Human Liver Samples from Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis or Primary Biliary Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Hans-Olof","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Lund University Hospital, Lund,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jalal","family":"Taneera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Lund University Hospital, Lund,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Castedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Transplantation Unit, Department of Surgery,2 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Glatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Lund University Hospital, Lund,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit,3Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torkel","family":"Wadstro\u0308m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology, Lund University Hospital, Lund,1 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.38.3.384"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.5.1344-1347.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"426","article-title":"Bile duct bacterial isolates in primary sclerosing cholangitis and certain other forms of cholestasis: a study of bile cultures from ERCP","volume":"28","author":"Bj\u00f6rnsson E.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rnsson E. 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