{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:39:43Z","timestamp":1791196783534,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,3,1]],"date-time":"2000-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":951868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A total of 22\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients from Kenya, Switzerland, and the United States were examined at three genetic loci: the 18S ribosomal DNA, HSP-70, and acetyl coenzyme A synthetase genes. Four distinct\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n            genotypes were identified: (i) the\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            \u201chuman\u201d genotype, (ii) the\n            <jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n            \u201ccattle\u201d genotype, (iii)\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium felis<\/jats:italic>\n            , and (iv)\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium meleagridis<\/jats:italic>\n            . This is the first report of\n            <jats:italic>C. meleagridis<\/jats:italic>\n            in a human host. These results and those of others indicate that immunocompromised individuals are susceptible to a wide range of\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n            species and genotypes. Future studies are required to understand the full public health significance of\n            <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n            genotypes and species in immunocompromised hosts.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.38.3.1180-1183.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T17:54:08Z","timestamp":1577814848000},"page":"1180-1183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":172,"title":["Molecular Characterization of\n            <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i>\n            Isolates Obtained from Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals Living in Switzerland, Kenya, and the United States"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Una","family":"Morgan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for the Molecular Epidemiology of Parasitic Infections and State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Division of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia1;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich,2and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303413; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irshad","family":"Sulaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303413; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. C. Andrew","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for the Molecular Epidemiology of Parasitic Infections and State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Division of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia1;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangeci","family":"Ndiritu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altaf","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303413; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 303413; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Deplazes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 5-->Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich,5 Switzerland;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268800001230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08107.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","unstructured":"Casemore\nD. P.\nWright\nW. E.\nCoop\nR. L.\nCryptosporidiosis\u2014human and animal epidemiology\nCryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis.\nFayer\nR.\n1997\n65\n92\nCRC Press Inc.\nBoca Raton Fla"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fayer\nR.\nThe general biology of Cryptosporidium Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis.\nFayer\nR.\n1997\n1\n41\nCRC Press Inc.\nBoca Raton Fla","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420052275-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)01122-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3284275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182098002765"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.4.995-998.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(99)00109-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","unstructured":"Morgan U. M. L. Xiao J. Limor S. Gelis S. Radial R. Fayer A. Lal A. Elliot and R. C. A. Thompson. Cryptosporidium meleagridis in an Indian ring-necked parrot ( Psittacula krameri ). Aust. Vet. J. in press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(98)90561-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199902010-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"444","article-title":"New Cryptosporidium genotypes in HIV-infected persons","volume":"3","author":"Pieniazek N. J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pieniazek N. J. Bornay-Llinares F. J. Slemenda S. B. da Silva A. J. Moura I. N. S. Arrowood M. J. Ditrich O. Addiss D. G. New Cryptosporidium genotypes in HIV-infected persons.Emerg. Infect. Dis.31999444449","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268898001009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0404.980424"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.13.1473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515373"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.65.8.3386-3391.1999"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1180-1183.2000","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1180-1183.2000","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T00:28:01Z","timestamp":1646440081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1180-1183.2000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1180-1183.2000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.38.3.1180-1183.2000","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1999-09-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"1999-12-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}