{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:34:07Z","timestamp":1790872447077,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,8,1]],"date-time":"2000-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":965088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Infrequent restriction site PCR (IRS-PCR) is a recently described DNA fingerprinting technique based on selective amplification of restriction endonuclease-cleaved fragments.\n            <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates associated with human disease and related nonhuman isolates were analyzed by IRS-PCR genomic fingerprinting. Preparation of DNA templates began with double digestion using three different restriction endonuclease combinations. Combinations included the frequently cutting endonuclease\n            <jats:italic>Hha<\/jats:italic>\n            I in conjunction with an infrequently cutting endonuclease,\n            <jats:italic>Eag<\/jats:italic>\n            I,\n            <jats:italic>Sma<\/jats:italic>\n            I, or\n            <jats:italic>Xba<\/jats:italic>\n            I. Digestion was followed by ligation of oligonucleotide adapters designed with ends complementary to the restriction endonuclease sites. Amplification of fragments flanked with an\n            <jats:italic>Eag<\/jats:italic>\n            I,\n            <jats:italic>Sma<\/jats:italic>\n            I, or\n            <jats:italic>Xba<\/jats:italic>\n            I site in combination with an\n            <jats:italic>Hha<\/jats:italic>\n            I site produced a series of different-sized amplicons resolvable into patterns by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The pattern complexity was varied by the addition of selective nucleotides to the 3\u2032 ends of the\n            <jats:italic>Eag<\/jats:italic>\n            I-,\n            <jats:italic>Sma<\/jats:italic>\n            I-, or\n            <jats:italic>Xba<\/jats:italic>\n            I-specific primers. Amplicons were also generated with fluorescently labeled primers and were subsequently resolved and detected by capillary electrophoresis. Analysis by traditional slab PAGE and capillary electrophoresis provided suitable resolution of patterns produced with the enzyme combinations\n            <jats:italic>Eag<\/jats:italic>\n            I-\n            <jats:italic>Hha<\/jats:italic>\n            I and\n            <jats:italic>Sma<\/jats:italic>\n            I-\n            <jats:italic>Hha<\/jats:italic>\n            I. However, the combination of\n            <jats:italic>Xba<\/jats:italic>\n            I-\n            <jats:italic>Hha<\/jats:italic>\n            I produced too many fragments for sufficient resolution by traditional PAGE, thus requiring the better resolving properties of capillary electrophoresis. Due to the flexibility in modulating the pattern complexity and electrophoresis methods, these techniques allow for a high level of experimental optimization. The results provide evidence of the discriminatory power, ease of use, and flexibility of the IRS-PCR method as it applies to the identification of human-pathogenic\n            <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>\n            species.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.38.8.3010-3015.2000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T17:58:03Z","timestamp":1577815083000},"page":"3010-3015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Differentiation of Pathogenic\n            <i>Bartonella<\/i>\n            Species by Infrequent Restriction Site PCR"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Handley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, 30333"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell L.","family":"Regnery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, 30333"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1605(99)00057-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70252-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2508(99)80044-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199701000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199702000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-46-4-891"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.4.756"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901213400303"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevOncog.v6.i1.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1991.02160010104026"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.4.872-881.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-5-199303010-00002"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199502163320702"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314824"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.344"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/173.4.1023"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.5.6.766-772.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.12.4034-4038.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.7.1813-1818.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1997.57.578"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","first-page":"525","article-title":"Cat-scratch neuroretinitis","volume":"70","author":"Lombardo J.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lombardo J. 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