{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T13:53:32Z","timestamp":1761486812975},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]],"date-time":"2001-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":978307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            A group of 76 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with fever of unknown origin (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 52) or fever associated with pulmonary diseases was evaluated in order to assess the usefulness of PCR with peripheral blood in the diagnosis and follow-up of visceral leishmaniasis. We identified 10 cases of visceral leishmaniasis among the 52 patients with fever of unknown origin. At the time of diagnosis, all were parasitemic by PCR with peripheral blood. During follow-up, a progressive decline in parasitemia was observed under therapy, and all patients became PCR negative after a median of 5 weeks (range, 6 to 21 weeks). However, in eight of nine patients monitored for a median period of 88 weeks (range, 33 to 110 weeks), visceral leishmaniasis relapsed, with positive results by PCR with peripheral blood reappearing 1 to 2 weeks before the clinical onset of disease. Eight\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>\n            and two\n            <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>\n            infections were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. PCR with peripheral blood is a reliable method for diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients. During follow-up, it substantially reduces the need for traditional invasive tests to assess parasitological response, while a positive PCR result is predictive of clinical relapse.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.39.1.357-361.2001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T09:58:18Z","timestamp":1027763898000},"page":"357-361","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Role of PCR in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Patients Coinfected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Massimo","family":"Pizzuto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Piazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Senese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Scalamogna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Calattini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Corsico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiziana","family":"Persico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Adriani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 2-->2nd Division of Infectious Diseases,2 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Magni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 3-->1st Division of Infectious Diseases,3 L. Sacco Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Guaraldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 4-->Institute of Infectious Diseases, University of Modena,4 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gaiera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 5--> San Luigi Center for Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital,5Milan,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Ludovisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 6-->Department of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita\u0300, Rome,6 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Gramiccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 6-->Department of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita\u0300, Rome,6 and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Moroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Corbellino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spinello","family":"Antinori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"<!--label omitted: 1-->Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University of Milan,1"},{"name":"<!--label omitted: 7-->Institute of Infectious Pathology and Virology, University of Palermo, Palermo,7 Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.2.298"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1994014391"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.7.1831-1833.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07496.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.236-240.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/16.14.7198"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.4.937-939.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.59.155"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.10.2551-2555.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199402000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/171.3.751"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.10.2454-2457.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.278.5345.1969"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.3.746-749.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199604000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00082-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","first-page":"148","article-title":"Infestation naturelle de Phlebotomus tobbi (Diptera, Psychodidae) par Leishmania donovani s. st. (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae), en Syrie","volume":"40","author":"Rioux J. A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rioux J. A. L\u00e8ger N. Haddad N. Infestation naturelle de Phlebotomus tobbi (Diptera, Psychodidae) par Leishmania donovani s. st. (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae), en Syrie.Parassitologia401998148","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(92)90208-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-4758(99)01431-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","first-page":"365","article-title":"Leishmania-HIV coinfection south western Europe 1990\u20131998 retrospective cases","volume":"74","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1999","unstructured":"World Health Organization Leishmania-HIV coinfection south western Europe 1990\u20131998 retrospective cases.Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec.741999365375","journal-title":"Wkly. Epidemiol. Rec."}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.39.1.357-361.2001","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.39.1.357-361.2001","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T01:02:06Z","timestamp":1646442126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.39.1.357-361.2001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.39.1.357-361.2001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.39.1.357-361.2001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2000-05-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2000-10-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2001-01-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}