{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T19:51:33Z","timestamp":1778356293579,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            To examine the transmission of drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis between Texas and Mexico,\n            <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates resistant to one or more of the first-line antimycobacterial drugs were obtained from 606 patients who resided in Texas and 313 patients who resided in Mexico, primarily within the state of Tamaulipas. The isolates were genotyped by IS\n            <jats:italic>6110<\/jats:italic>\n            -based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis and spoligotyping. Of the 919 isolates genotyped, 413 (45%) grouped into 105 clusters containing 2 or more isolates with identical genotypes. In addition to having identical genotypes, identical drug resistance patterns were identified in 250 isolates in 78 clusters (DR clusters). Twenty DR clusters, containing isolates from 32% of the total number of patients infected with DR strains, were geographically distributed across Mexico and Texas. Within this population of 919 patients infected with DR isolates, the probability of being in a DR cluster was the same for residents of Mexico and Texas. In Texas, the significant independent predictors of clustering within DR clusters as opposed to genotype clusters were found to be race, age, country of birth, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection status, and resistance to more than one drug. Specifically, isolates from African Americans, individuals under age 65, individuals born in the United States, and HIV-positive individuals were each more likely to be associated with a DR cluster. By contrast, no significant independent predictors of clustering in a DR cluster were identified in Mexico. Although some DR\n            <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n            strains are geographically restricted, this study suggests that a number of strains are transmitted between Mexico and the United States.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.40.8.2716-2724.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T19:36:19Z","timestamp":1033500979000},"page":"2716-2724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Transmission of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Texas and Mexico"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Teresa N.","family":"Quitugua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Microbiology, San Antonio, Texas 78245"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara J.","family":"Seaworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Department of Health Tuberculosis Elimination Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen E.","family":"Weis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas 76107-2699"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffery P.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Department of Health Tuberculosis Elimination Division"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. Seb","family":"Gillette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Microbiology, San Antonio, Texas 78245"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ishmael I.","family":"Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Microbiology, San Antonio, Texas 78245"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Kenneth C.","family":"Jost,","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Texas Department of Health Bureau of Laboratories, Austin, Texas 78756"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. Mitchel","family":"Magee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Microbiology, San Antonio, Texas 78245"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca A.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Microbiology, San Antonio, Texas 78245"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"373","volume":"161","year":"1994","unstructured":"Asch, S., B. Leake, and L. Gelberg. 1994. Does fear of immigration authorities deter tuberculosis patients from seeking care? West. J. Med.161:373-376.","journal-title":"West. J. 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