{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:06:30Z","timestamp":1790615190771,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Anthrax is a zoonotic disease that is also well recognized as a potential agent of bioterrorism. Routine culture and biochemical testing methods are useful for the identification of\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            , but a definitive identification may take 24 to 48 h or longer and may require that specimens be referred to another laboratory. Virulent isolates of\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            contain two plasmids (pX01 and pX02) with unique targets that allow the rapid and specific identification of\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            by PCR. We developed a rapid-cycle real-time PCR detection assay for\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            that utilizes the LightCycler instrument (LightCycler\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            kit; Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, Ind.). PCR primers and probes were designed to identify gene sequences specific for both the protective antigen (plasmid pX01) and the encapsulation B protein (plasmid pX02). The assays (amplification and probe confirmation) can be completed in less than 1 h. The gene encoding the protective antigen (\n            <jats:italic>pagA<\/jats:italic>\n            ) was detected in 29 of 29 virulent\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            strains, and the gene encoding the capsular protein B (\n            <jats:italic>capB<\/jats:italic>\n            ) was detected in 28 of 29 of the same strains. Three avirulent strains containing only pX01 or pX02, and therefore only\n            <jats:italic>pagA<\/jats:italic>\n            or\n            <jats:italic>pagB<\/jats:italic>\n            genes, could be detected and differentiated from virulent strains. The assays were specific for\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            : the results were negative for 57 bacterial strains representing a broad range of organisms, including\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n            species other than\n            <jats:italic>anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 31) and other non-\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n            species (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 26). The analytical sensitivity demonstrated with target DNA cloned into control plasmids was 1 copy per \u03bcl of sample. The LightCycler\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            assay appears to be a suitable method for rapid identification of cultured isolates of\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            . Additional clinical studies are required to determine the usefulness of this test for the rapid identification of\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            directly from human specimens.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.40.8.2897-2902.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T19:36:19Z","timestamp":1033500979000},"page":"2897-2902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Detection of\n            <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i>\n            DNA by LightCycler PCR"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Constance A.","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Microbiology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Uhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Microbiology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted L.","family":"Hadfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard F.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas F.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Microbiology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Franklin R.","family":"Cockerill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Microbiology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905"},{"name":"Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, D.C. 20306"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-41-3-343"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0944-5013(11)80054-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1999.00875.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcpr.1998.0195"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cockerill F. R. and J. R. Uhl. 2001. Applications and challenges of real-time PCR for the clinical microbiology laboratory p. 31-41. In U. Reischl C. Wittwer and F. R. Cockerill (ed.) Rapid cycle real-time PCR methods and applications microbiology and food analysis. Springer Berlin Germany.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-48351-6_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199909093411107"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","first-page":"399","volume":"345","year":"1997","unstructured":"Franz, D. R., P. B. Jahrling, A. M. Friedlander, et. al. 1997. Clinical recognition and management of anthrax\u2014an update. N. Engl. J. Med.345:399-411.","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","first-page":"13","volume":"225","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hanna, P. 1998. Anthrax pathogenesis and host response. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.225:13-35.","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.6.2627-2630.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08056.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.18.1735"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0706.010604"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.2.364-381.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1999.00908.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765x.2001.00989.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.31.3.547-551.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(05)70189-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08548.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.60.5.1622-1625.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.116.5.1369"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012892"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.1999.00876.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2897-2902.2002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2897-2902.2002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T01:51:49Z","timestamp":1646445109000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2897-2902.2002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2897-2902.2002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.40.8.2897-2902.2002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-04-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-04-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}