{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:41:44Z","timestamp":1793040104027,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]],"date-time":"2002-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1030838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            We determined the frequency distribution of\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. recovered in a routine clinical laboratory and investigated the clinical significance of accurate identification to the species level. We identified 92 clinical strains of\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            , including 13 strains in the related\n            <jats:italic>Arcanobacterium-Actinobaculum<\/jats:italic>\n            taxon, by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and recorded their biotypes, sources, and disease associations. The clinical isolates clustered into 21 genogroups. Twelve genogroups (74 strains) correlated with a known species, and nine genogroups (17 strains) did not. The individual species had source and disease correlates.\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces turicensis<\/jats:italic>\n            was the most frequently isolated species and was associated with genitourinary tract specimens, often with other organisms and rarely with inflammatory cells.\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces radingae<\/jats:italic>\n            was most often associated with serious, chronic soft tissue abscesses of the breast, chest, and back.\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces europaeus<\/jats:italic>\n            was associated with skin abscesses of the neck and genital areas.\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces lingnae<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces gravenitzii<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces odontolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces meyeri<\/jats:italic>\n            were isolated from respiratory specimens, while\n            <jats:italic>A. odontolyticus<\/jats:italic>\n            -like strains were isolated from diverse sources. Several of the species were commonly coisolated with a particular bacterium:\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces israelii<\/jats:italic>\n            was the only\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. coisolated with\n            <jats:italic>Actinobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n            (\n            <jats:italic>Haemophilus<\/jats:italic>\n            )\n            <jats:italic>actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic>\n            ;\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces meyeri<\/jats:italic>\n            was coisolated with\n            <jats:italic>Peptostreptococcus micros<\/jats:italic>\n            and was the only species other than\n            <jats:italic>A. israelii<\/jats:italic>\n            associated with sulfur granules in histological specimens. Most genogroups had consistent biotypes (as determined with the RapID ANA II system); however, strains were misidentified, and many codes were not in the database. One biotype was common to several genogroups, with all of these isolates being identified as\n            <jats:italic>A. meyeri<\/jats:italic>\n            . Despite the recent description of new\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            spp., 19% of the isolates recovered in our routine laboratory belonged to novel genospecies. One novel group with three strains,\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces houstonensis<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. nov., was phenotypically similar to\n            <jats:italic>A. meyeri<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>A. turicensis<\/jats:italic>\n            but was genotypically closest to\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces neuii. A. houstonensis<\/jats:italic>\n            sp. nov. was associated with abscesses. Our data documented consistent site and disease associations for 21 genogroups of\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            spp. that provide greater insights into appropriate treatments. However, we also demonstrated a complexity within the\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            genus that compromises the biochemical identification of\n            <jats:italic>Actinomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            that can be performed in most clinical laboratories. It is our hope that this large group of well-defined strains will be used to find a simple and accurate biochemical test for differentiation of the species in routine laboratories.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.40.9.3442-3448.2002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,29]],"date-time":"2002-08-29T19:27:50Z","timestamp":1030649270000},"page":"3442-3448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Genotypic Diversity of Clinical\n            <i>Actinomyces<\/i>\n            Species: Phenotype, Source, and Disease Correlation among Genospecies"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"40","author":[{"suffix":"III","given":"Jill E.","family":"Clarridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine"},{"name":"Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.12.3112-3116.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.9.3399-3403.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","unstructured":"Funke G. 1999. Algorithm for identification of aerobic gram-positive rods p. 316-318. In P. R. Murray E. J. Baron M. A. Pfaller F. C. Tenover and R. H. Yolken (ed.) Manual of clinical microbiology 7th ed. American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-47-3-687"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.1.125"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.7.2255-2261.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.10.3555-3562.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.2.329-330.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-49-4-1873"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-47-1-46"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_12_2","unstructured":"Rodloff A. C. S. H. Hillier and B. J. Moncla. 1999. Peptostreptococcus Propionibacterium Lactobacillus Actinomyces and other non-spore-forming anaerobic gram-positive rods p. 672-689. In P. R. Murray E. J. Baron M. A. Pfaller F. C. Tenover and R. H. Yolken (ed.) Manual of clinical microbiology 7th ed. American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C."},{"key":"e_1_3_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.1.8-13.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.11.3955-3961.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-48-2-503"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3442-3448.2002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3442-3448.2002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T01:59:48Z","timestamp":1646445588000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3442-3448.2002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3442-3448.2002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.40.9.3442-3448.2002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2002-03-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-06-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2002-09-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}