{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:05:36Z","timestamp":1765886736928},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n            is an important zoopathogen, and it is one of the most prevalent lethal mycotic agents. Its polysaccharide capsule, synthesized in vivo and in vitro, is a virulence factor, contains predominantly glucuronoxylomannan, and is responsible for the antigenic differentiation of serotypes A, B, C, D, and AD. A total of 467 isolates of\n            <jats:italic>C. neoformans<\/jats:italic>\n            obtained from clinical and environmental sources from Brazilian regions were studied serologically by using the Crypto Check Iatron RM 304-K kit. Serotyping of the clinical isolates showed the following prevalences of the serotypes: A (77.95%), followed by B (18.2%), AD (1.3%), D (0.4%), C (0.2%), and untypeable (1.93%). The epidemiology of serotype A in the Brazilian southern and southeastern regions reproduces the picture observed worldwide. In contrast, serotype B was the most frequent agent of cryptococcosis in the northeastern region, occurring nearly equally in male and female healthy hosts. Among the isolates from environmental sources, serotypes A and B were found to occur in the hollows of tropical trees of the genera\n            <jats:italic>Cassia<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Ficus<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Moquillea<\/jats:italic>\n            . The few isolates from\n            <jats:italic>Eucalyptus camaldulensis<\/jats:italic>\n            debris were serotypes A and B and untypeable. Overall, no association with a specific host tree was identified for these serotypes, denoting a distinct ecoepidemiological regional pattern. The one serotype C isolate was recovered from a human immunodeficiency virus-negative host. Serotype AD predominated over serotype D among both clinical and environmental isolates.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.41.1.73-77.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,7]],"date-time":"2003-01-07T18:03:11Z","timestamp":1041962591000},"page":"73-77","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Serotyping of 467\n            <i>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/i>\n            Isolates from Clinical and Environmental Sources in Brazil: Analysis of Host and Regional Patterns"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Mari\u0301lia M.","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fungal Section"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0301rcia S.","family":"Lazera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Service, Evandro Chagas Institute of Clinical Research, IPEC\/FIOCRUZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glaucia G.","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fungal Section"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Trilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycology Service, Evandro Chagas Institute of Clinical Research, IPEC\/FIOCRUZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beatriz R.","family":"Balassiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fungal Section"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina C. 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