{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T22:02:27Z","timestamp":1789941747345,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,1]],"date-time":"2003-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057017600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The diagnosis of severe pneumococcal infections is inadequate, relying heavily on culture of\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            from blood or other normally sterile fluids, and is severely limited by prior administration of antibiotics. We evaluated prospectively the Binax NOW\n            <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            urinary antigen test, a rapid immunochromatographic assay, for the diagnosis of bacteremic pneumococcal infections in hospitalized adult patients. Antigen was detected in 88 of 107 cases overall, resulting in a test sensitivity of 82% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 74 to 89%). Antigen detection was greater in those with pneumonia (67 of 77 [87%]) than in those without pneumonia (21 of 30 [70%]) (\n            <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n            = 0.04). Urinary antigen was also detected in 3 of 106 adult patients with community-acquired septicemic infections caused by other organisms, giving a test specificity of 97% (95% CI, 92 to 99%). For 45 pneumococcal bacteremia patients with a positive test on treatment day 1, urinary antigen excretion was monitored for the first week of antibiotic treatment. Antigen was still detectable in 83% (29 of 35 tested; 95% CI, 66 to 93%) on treatment day 3. Detection of urinary antigen is a valuable, sensitive, and rapid test for the early diagnosis of bacteremic pneumococcal infections in adult patients, even after antibiotic treatment has commenced.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.41.7.2810-2813.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,3]],"date-time":"2003-07-03T19:05:48Z","timestamp":1057259148000},"page":"2810-2813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":177,"title":["Rapid Diagnosis of Bacteremic Pneumococcal Infections in Adults by Using the Binax NOW\n            <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i>\n            Urinary Antigen Test: a Prospective, Controlled Clinical Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Taunton and Somerset Hospital, Taunton, TA1 5DB"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Derrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, BS2 8HW"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, GL1 3NN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjorie","family":"Creek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, PL6 8DH, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhonwen","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, GL1 3NN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A. B.","family":"Dance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, PL6 8DH, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester, GL1 3NN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200107000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"1","volume":"46","year":"1997","unstructured":"Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. 1997. Prevention of pneumococcal disease. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.46(RR-8):1-24.","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.25.8.1388-1391.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.22.4.553-557.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"CDR Wkly. 1997 7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.1.243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319205"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"791","volume":"21","year":"2002","unstructured":"Faden, H., M. Heimerl, C. Varma, G. Goodman, and P. Winkelstein. 2002. Urinary excretion of pneumococcal cell wall polysaccharide in children. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J.21:791-792.","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","first-page":"259","volume":"25","year":"2002","unstructured":"Farina, C., M. Arosio, F. Vailati, F. Moioli, and A. Goglio. 2002. Urinary detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen for diagnosis of pneumonia. New Microbiol.25:259-263.","journal-title":"New Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268801005672"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(95)00255-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02097186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.10.3495-3498.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(01)00491-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515198"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268897008522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02016561"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2810-2813.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2810-2813.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T02:32:26Z","timestamp":1646447546000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2810-2813.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2810-2813.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.41.7.2810-2813.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2003-01-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-04-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2003-07-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}