{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T18:50:18Z","timestamp":1762541418270},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,1]],"date-time":"2005-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109635200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Forty\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            strains isolated primarily from neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections and feces were screened for the presence of virulence genes with a newly developed microarray on the array tube format. A total of 32 gene probes specific for extraintestinal as well as intestinal\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            pathotypes were included. Eighty-eight percent of the analyzed strains were positive for the K1-specific probe on the microarray and could be confirmed with a specific antiserum against the K1 capsular polysaccharide. The gene for the hemin receptor ChuA was predominantly found in 95% of strains. Other virulence genes associated with K1 and related strains were P, S, and F1C fimbriae specific for extraintestinal\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            , the genes for aerobactin, the \u03b1-hemolysin and the cytotoxic necrotizing factor. In two strains, the O157-specific catalase gene and the gene for the low-molecular-weight heat-stable toxin AstA were detected, respectively. A total of 19 different virulence gene patterns were observed. No correlation was observed between specific virulence gene patterns and a clinical outcome. The data indicate that virulence genes typical of extraintestinal\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            are predominantly present in K1 strains. Nevertheless, some of them can carry virulence genes known to be characteristic of intestinal\n            <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n            . The distribution and combination of virulence genes show that K1 isolates constitute a heterogeneous group of\n            <jats:italic>E. coli.<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.43.3.1024-1031.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,4]],"date-time":"2005-03-04T23:47:54Z","timestamp":1109980074000},"page":"1024-1031","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Use of Diagnostic Microarrays for Determination of Virulence Gene Patterns of\n            <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n            K1, a Major Cause of Neonatal Meningitis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Boz\u0307ena","family":"Korczak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacques","family":"Schrenzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomic Research Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Pluschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Pfister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Ehricht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clondiag Chip Technologies GmbH, Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kuhnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.39.1.315-335.1983"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.40.100186.001153"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.5.2113-2125.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.35.11.2981-2982.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.62.2.606-614.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(92)90057-Y"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.4.2096-2101.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/13500872-142-11-3305"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.6.1831-1840.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","unstructured":"Gyles C. 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