{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T23:37:09Z","timestamp":1792971429808,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Tightly coiled bacteria are a rare cause of gastric pathology in humans and represent a mixture of species for which a zoonotic origin is suspected. Similar organisms are common inhabitants of the gastric mucosae of carnivores and pigs. It was the goal of the present study to determine the actual occurrence of each individual\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            species in human, canine, and feline stomachs in order to better understand the possible zoonotic significance. Gastric biopsy samples from humans with histological evidence of non-\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            spiral bacteria (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 123) and samples from the gastric antrum, corpus, and cardia from dogs (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 110) and cats (\n            <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n            = 43) were subjected to a multiplex PCR, enabling the identification of\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter felis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter bizzozeronii<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter salomonis<\/jats:italic>\n            , and \u201c\n            <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n            Helicobacter suis.\u201d A PCR for detecting\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            was applied to all human samples. Single infections with \u201c\n            <jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n            Helicobacter suis,\u201d\n            <jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>H. bizzozeronii<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>H. salomonis<\/jats:italic>\n            , a hitherto unknown genotype of a non-\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            spiral organism (\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            -like organism 135 [HLO135]), and\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            were identified in 30.9%, 8.9%, 2.4%, 11.4%, 7.3%, and 8.9% of the human biopsy samples, respectively. Mixed infections (16.3%) with two or even three of these were also found. In the canine stomach,\n            <jats:italic>H. bizzozeronii<\/jats:italic>\n            (70.0%) was encountered as the main spiral organism, while\n            <jats:italic>H. felis<\/jats:italic>\n            (62.7%) and HLO135 (67.4%) were the predominant\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            species found in the feline gastric mucosa. Although the majority of human non-\n            <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n            organisms are\n            <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic>\n            species naturally occurring in the stomachs of pigs, cats, and dogs, the frequent identification of\n            <jats:italic>H. salomonis<\/jats:italic>\n            in human gastric biopsy samples is in contrast to its rare identification in pet carnivore samples, urging us to suspect other sources of infection.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.43.5.2256-2260.2005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,4]],"date-time":"2005-05-04T22:33:14Z","timestamp":1115245994000},"page":"2256-2260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Identification of Non-\n            <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n            Spiral Organisms in Gastric Samples from Humans, Dogs, and Cats"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Van den Bulck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemie","family":"Decostere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margo","family":"Baele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Bacteriology, and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Driessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Academisch Ziekenhuis Maastricht, P. 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