{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:05:12Z","timestamp":1791119112467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,1]],"date-time":"2006-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141171200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Clin Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Single-nucleotide repeats (SNRs) are variable-number tandem repeats that display very high mutation rates. In an outbreak situation, the use of a marker system that exploits regions with very high mutation rates, such as SNRs, allows the differentiation of isolates with extremely low levels of genetic diversity. This report describes the identification and analysis of SNR loci of\n            <jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            . SNR loci were selected in silico, and the loci with the highest diversity were used to design and test locus-specific primers against a number of\n            <jats:italic>B. anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n            strains with the same multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) genotype. SNR markers that allowed strains with the same MLVA genotype to be differentiated from each other were identified. The resulting SNR marker system can be used as a molecular epidemiological tool in a natural outbreak or bioterrorism event, offering the best chance of distinguishing very closely related isolates.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.44.3.777-782.2006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,3]],"date-time":"2006-03-03T22:28:19Z","timestamp":1141424899000},"page":"777-782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Single-Nucleotide Repeat Analysis for Subtyping\n            <i>Bacillus anthracis<\/i>\n            Isolates"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Chad W.","family":"Stratilo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Biological Defence Section, Defence R&amp;D Canada\u2014Suffield, Medicine Hat, AB"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Bryden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Mulvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doug","family":"Bader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical and Biological Defence Section, Defence R&amp;D Canada\u2014Suffield, Medicine Hat, AB"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"10","volume":"4","year":"2003","unstructured":"Coenye, T., and P. Vandamme. 2003. Simple sequence repeats and compositional bias in bipartite Ralstonia solanacearum GMI1000 genome. BMC Microbiol.4:10. [Online.] http:\/\/www.biomedcentral.com\/1471-2164\/4\/10 .","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.4.2464-2473.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"62","volume":"10","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gur-Arie, R., C. J. Cohen, Y. Eitan, L. Shelef, E. M. Hallerman, and Y. Kashi. 2000. Simple sequence repeats in Escherichia coli: abundance, distribution, composition and polymorphism. Genome Res.10:62-71.","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.7.1847-1850.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002849900343"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.2.1068-1080.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.3.818-824.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.10.2928-2936.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2004.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"143","volume":"71","year":"2002","unstructured":"Koehler, T. M. 2002. Bacillus anthracis genetics and virulence gene regulation. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.71:143-164.","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-1-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","first-page":"203","volume":"4","year":"1987","unstructured":"Levinson, G., and G. A. Gutman. 1987. Slipped-strand mispairing: a major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution. Mol. Biol. Evol.4:203-221.","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"255","year":"1995","unstructured":"Moxon, E. R., and P. B. Rainey. 1995. Pathogenic bacteria: the wisdom of their genes, p. 255-268. In B. A. M. Van der Zeijst, L. Van Alphen, W. P. M. Hoekstra, and J. D. A. van Embden (ed.), Ecology of pathogenic bacteria. Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences, second series, no. 96. Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","journal-title":"Ecology of pathogenic bacteria"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.20.6509-6515.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0403844101"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1071837"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01586"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"365","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rozen, S., and H. J. Skaletsky. 2000. Primer3 on the WWW for general users and for biologist programmers, p. 365-386. In S. Krawetz and S. Misener (ed.), Bioinformatics methods and protocols: methods in molecular biology. Humana Press, Totowa, N.J.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics methods and protocols: methods in molecular biology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.10.4863-4873.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.62.2.275-293.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.2.511-513.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2004-6-1-r10"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.44.3.777-782.2006","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JCM.44.3.777-782.2006","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T04:55:22Z","timestamp":1646456122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JCM.44.3.777-782.2006"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JCM.44.3.777-782.2006"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.44.3.777-782.2006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-1137","1098-660X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-1137","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-660X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2005-11-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2005-12-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2006-03-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}