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Recent studies associate<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. acnes<\/jats:named-content>with prostate cancer. As the species includes evolutionary lineages with distinct association with health and disease, there is a need for a high-resolution typing scheme. Recently, two multilocus sequence typing (MLST) schemes were reported, one based on nine and one based on seven housekeeping genes. In the present study, the two schemes were compared with reference to a phylogenetic tree based on 78<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. acnes<\/jats:named-content>genomes and their gene contents. Further support for a basically clonal population structure of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. acnes<\/jats:named-content>and a scenario of the global spread of epidemic clones of<jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. acnes<\/jats:named-content>was obtained. Compared to the Belfast scheme, the Aarhus MLST scheme (<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/pacnes.mlst.net\/\">http:\/\/pacnes.mlst.net\/<\/jats:ext-link>), which is based on nine genes, offers significantly enhanced resolution and phylogenetic inferences more concordant with analyses based on a comprehensive sampling of the entire genomes, their gene contents, and their putative pathogenic potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.r06129-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,19]],"date-time":"2012-01-19T05:50:08Z","timestamp":1326952208000},"page":"1158-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Multilocus Sequence Typing and Phylogenetic Analysis of Propionibacterium acnes"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Mogens","family":"Kilian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian F. 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