{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:56:41Z","timestamp":1790517401873,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010730","name":"Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010730","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease in children and is responsible for thousands of deaths in the past 20\u2009years. Food azo dyes have been widely used since the nineteenth century; however, their biological effects on humans and microbes residing in humans are poorly understood. Here, we discovered that one of these dyes, brilliant black BN (E151), was particularly effective in inhibiting the infectivity of EV71 in both cell culture and mouse model studies. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that these sulfonated dyes mainly competed with EV71 attachment factors for viral binding to block viral attachment\/entry to host cells. As no commercial antiviral drugs against EV71 are currently available, our findings open an avenue to exploit the development of permitted food dye E151 as a potential anti-EV71 agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00061-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,6]],"date-time":"2019-06-06T12:31:49Z","timestamp":1559824309000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["<i>In Vitro<\/i>\n            and\n            <i>In Vivo<\/i>\n            Inhibition of the Infectivity of Human Enterovirus 71 by a Sulfonated Food Azo Dye, Brilliant Black BN"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Limited, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Limited, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sek-Man","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Limited, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"},{"name":"NUS Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaw-Bing","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Limited, Singapore, Republic of Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01317504"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70194-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)04434-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.52.12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.2.e26"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00563-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61049-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14760584.2016.1191357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218713"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-014-0087-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1961"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001174"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2012.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02226-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2016.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2014.60"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005184"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004422"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01926-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02482-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","volume-title":"Color chemistry: synthesis, properties, and applications of organic dyes and pigments","author":"Zollinger H","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zollinger H. 2003. 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