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This requires strict geometry and a narrow range of association energies for these protein-protein interactions. It was hypothesized that requiring subunits to undergo a conformational change to become assembly active could regulate assembly by creating an energetic barrier and attenuating association. We found that woodchuck hepatitis virus capsid protein undergoes structural transitions between its dimeric and its 120-dimer capsid states. It is likely that the closely related hepatitis B virus capsid protein undergoes similar structural changes, which has implications for drug design. Regulation of assembly by structural transition may be a common mechanism for many viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00141-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,26]],"date-time":"2019-04-26T14:56:02Z","timestamp":1556290562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Structural Differences between the Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Core Protein in the Dimer and Capsid States Are Consistent with Entropic and Conformational Regulation of Assembly"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Zhongchao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph Che-Yen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"},{"name":"Indiana University Electron Microscopy Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Gonzalez-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balasubramanian","family":"Venkatakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roi","family":"Asor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Khaykelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uri","family":"Raviv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9945-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Zlotnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2018.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.9.4533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.42.2.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i1.104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-110615-042238"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i1.39"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-011-0751-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(01)80009-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.31473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02033-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308846110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi991611a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.7b09932"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01840-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2015.06.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao Z Wang JC-Y Gonzalez-Gutierrez G Venkatakrishnan B Zlotnick A. 2019. 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