{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T15:04:42Z","timestamp":1790262282841,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is endemic in Africa, where it causes disease in humans resembling smallpox. A recent importation of MPXV-infected animals into the United States raises the possibility of global spread. Rodents comprise the major reservoir of MPXV, and a variety of such animals, even those native to North America, are susceptible. In contrast, common inbred strains of mice, including BALB\/c and C57BL\/6, are greatly resistant to MPXV. However, several inbred strains of mice derived from wild mice, including CAST\/EiJ, exhibit morbidity and mortality at relatively low inoculums of MPXV. Elucidating the basis for the susceptibility of CAST\/EiJ mice could contribute to an understanding of MPXV pathogenicity and host defense mechanisms and enhance the value of this mouse strain as a model system for evaluation of therapeutics and vaccines. Here we compared virus dissemination and induced cytokine production in CAST\/EiJ mice to those in the resistant BALB\/c strain. Following intranasal infection, robust virus replication occurred in the lungs of both strains, although a relatively higher inoculum was required for BALB\/c. However, while spread to other internal organs was rapid and efficient in CAST\/EiJ mice, the virus was largely restricted to the lungs in BALB\/c mice. Gamma interferon (IFN-\u03b3) and CCL5 were induced in lungs of BALB\/c mice concomitant with virus replication but not in CAST\/EiJ mice. The importance of IFN-\u03b3 in protection against MPXV disease was demonstrated by the intranasal administration of the mouse cytokine to CAST\/EiJ mice and the resulting protection against MPXV. Furthermore, C57BL\/6 mice with inactivation of the IFN-\u03b3 gene or the IFN-\u03b3 receptor gene exhibited enhanced sensitivity to MPXV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00162-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,13]],"date-time":"2012-06-13T23:02:34Z","timestamp":1339628554000},"page":"9105-9112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Lethal Monkeypox Virus Infection of CAST\/EiJ Mice Is Associated with a Deficient Gamma Interferon Response"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Patricia L.","family":"Earl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Americo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Moss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.8.4633-4639.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00621-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.5.2596-2605.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Human monkeypox, 1970\u201379","volume":"58","author":"Breman JG","year":"1980","unstructured":"BremanJG. 1980. 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