{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T07:00:04Z","timestamp":1790492404018,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004334","name":"Merck","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["6300217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["6300217"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Vaccination is the most effective method to protect older adults against viral infections. However, the immunogenicity of viral vaccines in older adults is notoriously poor. The live attenuated zoster vaccine (ZVL) provides the best example of a gradual decrease of vaccine immunogenicity with every 10-year age increase above 50\u2009years. Here we show that the abundance of regulatory T cells before vaccine administration to older adults has a significant inhibitory effect on immune responses to ZVL and, together with baseline immunity to varicella-zoster virus, explains the effect of age on the immunogenicity of ZVL. Moreover,\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            blockade of regulatory T cell mechanisms of action with biologic modulators restores immune responses to varicella-zoster virus in vaccinees. Collectively, these observations suggest that immune modulators that block regulatory T cell activity may increase responses to viral attenuated vaccines in older adults.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00305-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T07:52:22Z","timestamp":1558597942000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["The Effect of Age on the Immunogenicity of the Live Attenuated Zoster Vaccine Is Predicted by Baseline Regulatory T Cells and Varicella-Zoster Virus-Specific T Cell Immunity"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Weinberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado\u2014Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado\u2014Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yupanqui","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado\u2014Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado\u2014Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Tovar-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado\u2014Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Canniff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado\u2014Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth E.","family":"Schmader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoran","family":"Popmihajlov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck Sharp &amp; 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