{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T15:02:25Z","timestamp":1766674945930},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Imported measles virus (MV) outbreaks are maintained by poor vaccine responders and unvaccinated people. A convenient but more immunogenic vaccination strategy would enhance vaccine performance, contributing to measles eradication efforts. We report here the generation of alternative pediatric vaccines against MV with increased expression of the H protein in the background of the current MV vaccine strain. We generated two recombinants: MVvac2-H2, with increased full-length H expression resulting in a 3-fold increase in H incorporation into virions, and MVvac2-Hsol, vectoring a truncated, soluble form of the H protein that is secreted into the supernatants of infected cells. Replication fitness was conserved despite the duplication of the H cistron for both vectors. The modification to the envelope of MVvac2-H2 conferred upon this virus a measurable level of resistance to\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            neutralization by MV polyclonal immune sera without altering its thermostability. Most interestingly, both recombinant MVs with enhanced H expression were significantly more immunogenic than their parental strain in outbred mice, while MVvac2-H2 additionally proved more immunogenic after a single, human-range dose in genetically modified MV-susceptible mice.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Measles incidence was reduced drastically following the introduction of attenuated vaccines, but progress toward the eradication of this virus has stalled, and MV still threatens unvaccinated populations. Due to the contributions of primary vaccine failures and too-young-to-be-vaccinated infants to this problem, more immunogenic measles vaccines are highly desirable. We generated two experimental MV vaccines based on a current vaccine's genome but with enriched production of the H protein, the main MV antigen in provoking immunity. One vaccine incorporated H at higher rates in the viral envelope, and the other secreted a soluble H protein from infected cells. The increased expression of H by these vectors improved neutralizing responses induced in two small-animal models of MV immunogenicity. The enhanced immunogenicity of these vectors, mainly from the MV that incorporates additional H, suggests their value as potential alternative pediatric MV vaccines.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00348-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,17]],"date-time":"2016-03-17T02:54:48Z","timestamp":1458183288000},"page":"5270-5279","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Generation of a More Immunogenic Measles Vaccine by Increasing Its Hemagglutinin Expression"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Julik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Reyes-del Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-7448-8_23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","first-page":"496","article-title":"Measles\u2014United States, January 1-May 23, 2014","volume":"63","author":"Gastanaduy PA","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gastanaduy PA, Redd SB, Fiebelkorn AP, Rota JS, Rota PA, Bellini WJ, Seward JF, Wallace GS. 2014. Measles\u2014United States, January 1-May 23, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 63:496\u2013499.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"153","article-title":"Measles outbreak\u2014California, December 2014-February 2015","volume":"64","author":"Zipprich J","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zipprich J, Winter K, Hacker J, Xia D, Watt J, Harriman K. 2015. Measles outbreak\u2014California, December 2014-February 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 64:153\u2013154.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"1034","article-title":"Progress toward regional measles elimination\u2014worldwide, 2000-2013","volume":"63","author":"Perry RT","year":"2014","unstructured":"Perry RT, Gacic-Dobo M, Dabbagh A, Mulders MN, Strebel PM, Okwo-Bele JM, Rota PA, Goodson JL. 2014. Progress toward regional measles elimination\u2014worldwide, 2000-2013. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 63:1034\u20131038.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322971"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1045-1056(95)90018-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","volume-title":"WHO immunological basis for immunization series","author":"Moss WJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moss WJ, Scott S. 2009. Module 7: measles. WHO immunological basis for immunization series. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199003013220903"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92330-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91771-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(09)90015-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/25.3.665"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/168.5.1087"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1045-1870(03)00037-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Transcription and replication of nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses","volume":"283","author":"Whelan SP","year":"2004","unstructured":"Whelan SP, Barr JN, Wertz GW. 2004. Transcription and replication of nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 283:61\u2013119.","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.7.3374-3381.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.08.069"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2006.tb03785.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2007.10.072"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"1098","article-title":"Insertion of glycoprotein gene between P and M gene influences the pathogenicity of the rabies virus Flury LEP","volume":"51","author":"Zhai H","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhai H, Tao L, Ge J, Wang X, Feng N, Shuai L, Ma L, Bu Z. 2011. Insertion of glycoprotein gene between P and M gene influences the pathogenicity of the rabies virus Flury LEP. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 51:1098\u20131105. (In Chinese.)","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087105"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.23.11931-11942.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.6.4705-4712.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.17.7895-7902.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.13.5842-5850.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.9.4399-4401.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00266.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.5.3560-3566.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01863914"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00906-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00923-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.2.1224-1234.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.9.7420-7427.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.17.11547-11551.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/77506"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(02)00036-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/420792"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2003.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00045-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00120-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00635-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00394-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.clpt.6100420"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02191-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.15.9854-9861.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.9.5671"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00048-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010297"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01566-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.10.4652-4657.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514140"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0564"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.9.4236-4243.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/175.3.524"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.9.5209-5217.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00169-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(69)90127-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-45-2-441"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-65-9-1535"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1210275109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)70043-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540380070034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","first-page":"509","article-title":"Global progress towards regional measles elimination, worldwide, 2000-2013","volume":"89","author":"Anonymous","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anonymous. 2014. Global progress towards regional measles elimination, worldwide, 2000-2013. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 89:509\u2013516.","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6915.1308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/154.11.1064"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/tru174"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.00348-16","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.00348-16","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T14:05:21Z","timestamp":1646489121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.00348-16"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"B.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.00348-16"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.00348-16","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-02-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-03-11","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-05-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}