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In\n                        arthropods, only gC1qR has been reported. The functional convergence of\n                        gC1qR in arthropods and vertebrates during evolution remains to be further\n                        elucidated. In the present study, a C-type lectin named\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL, which contains a C1q-like sequence (a segment of the\n                        C1q globular head) and might be involved in antiviral immunity, was\n                        identified in\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Procambarus clarkii<\/jats:italic>\n                      . When crayfish are\n                        infected with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), some C1qRs (gC1qR homologs),\n                        which are located at the cell membrane, recognize WSSV by interacting with\n                        the envelope protein VP28. Subsequently, C1qR recruits\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL in the cell, and the C1qR-\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL\n                        complexes synergistically promote the nuclear translocation of Dorsal.\n                        Serine-arginine protein kinase (SRPK) is an essential molecule in this\n                        process. The C1qR\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">-Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL-SRPK axis regulates the activation\n                        and translocation of Dorsal. Finally, the C1qR\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">-Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL-Dorsal\n                        axis can promote resistance to WSSV infection by regulating the expression\n                        of the lectin-like protein (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      LT). In both vertebrates and\n                        arthropods, C1qR appears to participate in antiviral immunity, but the\n                        mechanisms were different. This may highlight a fascinating evolutionary\n                        trajectory across animals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The body\u2019s recognition of pathogenic microorganisms plays an important\n                        role in host resistance to pathogen infection. Here, we identified a lectin,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL, in the red swamp crayfish\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Procambarus\n                            clarkii<\/jats:italic>\n                      , which contains a C1q-like sequence and might be\n                        involved in antiviral immunity. C1qR located on the cell membrane can\n                        recognize white spot syndrome virus by interacting with VP28. Then, it\n                        recruits\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pc<\/jats:italic>\n                      CLL and promotes the nuclear translocation of\n                        Dorsal. This process cannot be achieved without SRPK, which is a splicing\n                        regulator that can phosphorylate proteins. CLL (C1q-like motif that is part\n                        of the globular head of C1q) and C1qR (gC1qR homolog) interact with each\n                        other, and they are involved in the antiviral immune response by activating\n                        Dorsal. This may be a new mechanism for the host to recognize pathogens.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00416-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:03:10Z","timestamp":1760360590000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CLL, together with C1qR, suppresses WSSV infection by regulating the                    activation of Dorsal"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Xiao-Tong","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02ke8fw32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University","place":["Taian, 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