{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T03:30:07Z","timestamp":1772163007537,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSG-15-184-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSG-15-184-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005984","name":"Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005984","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an exciting new platform for vaccines and cancer therapy. Although CMV may delay tumor growth in some settings, there is also evidence that CMV may promote cancer development and progression. Thus, defining the impact of CMV on tumors is critical. Using a mouse model of melanoma, we previously found that murine CMV (MCMV) delayed tumor growth and activated tumor-specific immunity although the mechanism was unclear. We now show that MCMV delayed tumor growth through a mechanism that required monocytic phagocytes and a viral chemokine that recruited macrophages to the tumor. Furthermore, MCMV infection altered the functional state of macrophages. Although the effects of MCMV on tumor growth were transient, we found that repeated MCMV injections sustained the antitumor effect, suggesting that active viral infection was needed. Thus, MCMV altered tumor growth by actively recruiting macrophages to the tumor, where they were modulated to promote antitumor immunity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00533-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T10:09:23Z","timestamp":1564135763000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection of Melanoma Lesions Delays Tumor Growth by Recruiting and Repolarizing Monocytic Phagocytes in the Tumor"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0285-0853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole A.","family":"Wilski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9166-4854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Del Casale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7053-8039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Purwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2734-3244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew E.","family":"Aplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1370-7198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"},{"name":"Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00034-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00062-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105033441804"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.4.2022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(03)00134-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425534"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050882"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004233"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.76.1.151-164.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0009681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1237874"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12519"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1935"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0130-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.06.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-14-0044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0b013e3182585d50"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0500-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01993"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2015.1056974"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cas.13027"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/EDBK_201131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.73.7379"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt-2017-0188"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-14-0216"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-0933"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1201209"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aal1713"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.81178"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v10080408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines7030062"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranon.2018.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3835(03)00269-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","first-page":"3347","article-title":"Human cytomegalovirus infection and expression in human malignant glioma","volume":"62","author":"Cobbs CS","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cobbs CS, Harkins L, Samanta M, Gillespie GY, Bharara S, King PH, Nabors LB, Cobbs CG, Britt WJ. 2002. Human cytomegalovirus infection and expression in human malignant glioma. Cancer Res 62:3347\u20133350.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11524-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(78)90248-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12785"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1162"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24450"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2012.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-2425"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-1121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2012.19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2014.00275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1302145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI123375"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11040447"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179366"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800352"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.10.4801-4819.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-015-0408-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.6.2857-2870.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2016.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059591"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mto.2016.12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2016.217"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers6031670"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.7.3937"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.20.11137"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.25.11879"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-72-9-2059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.6.4806-4812.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.78.9.4444-4453.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.17.9839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.1.95-103.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.8303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.10.6243-6253.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-05-1833"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01585-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.698"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2009.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilski NA Del Casale C Purwin TJ Aplin AE Snyder CM. 2019. Murine cytomegalovirus infection of melanoma lesions delays tumor growth by recruiting and re-polarizing monocytic phagocytes in the tumor. bioRxiv https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/597948.","DOI":"10.1101\/597948"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.20.9966-9976.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003493"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12703\/P6-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.20.11030-11039.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00452-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0381-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_95_2","first-page":"31","article-title":"Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies in treating advanced melanoma\u2014a clinical update","volume":"25","author":"Trinh VA","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trinh VA, Joseph J, Hwu WJ. 2015. Anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies in treating advanced melanoma\u2014a clinical update. Discov Med 25:31\u201340.","journal-title":"Discov Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142735.im2001s39"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-11-71"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.60.3.1125-1129.1986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq871"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20410"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20171435"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20171440"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.00533-19","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.00533-19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T09:50:24Z","timestamp":1646473824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.00533-19"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jae U.","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.00533-19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.00533-19","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/597948","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-04-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e00533-19"}}