{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:33:48Z","timestamp":1791297228994,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]],"date-time":"2016-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471219200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ville de Paris","award":["Emergence"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Emergence"]}]},{"name":"Region Ile de France","award":["DIM MALINF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DIM MALINF"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003023","name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'Education Nationale","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003023","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP). This disease develops upon infiltration of HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes into the central nervous system, mostly the thoracic spinal cord. The central nervous system is normally protected by a physiological structure called the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which consists primarily of a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. In this study, we investigated the role of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM\/CD166), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, in the crossing of the BBB by HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes. We demonstrated that ALCAM is overexpressed on the surface of HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes, both in chronically infected cell lines and in primary infected CD4\n            <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n            T lymphocytes. ALCAM overexpression results from the activation of the canonical NF-\u03baB pathway by the viral transactivator Tax. In contrast, staining of spinal cord sections of HAM\/TSP patients showed that ALCAM expression is not altered on the BBB endothelium in the context of HTLV-1 infection. ALCAM blockade or downregulation of ALCAM levels significantly reduced the migration of HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes across a monolayer of human BBB endothelial cells. This study suggests a potential role for ALCAM in HAM\/TSP pathogenesis.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy\/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM\/TSP). This disease is the consequence of the infiltration of HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes into the central nervous system (CNS), mostly the thoracic spinal cord. The CNS is normally protected by a physiological structure called the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which consists primarily of a continuous endothelium with tight junctions. The mechanism of migration of lymphocytes into the CNS is unclear. Here, we show that the viral transactivator Tax increases activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM\/CD166) expression. This molecule facilitates the migration of lymphocytes across the BBB endothelium. Targeting this molecule could be of interest in preventing or reducing the development of HAM\/TSP.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00539-16","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T04:24:32Z","timestamp":1464841472000},"page":"7303-7312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Induced Overexpression of Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM) Facilitates Trafficking of Infected Lymphocytes through the Blood-Brain Barrier"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Curis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Epid\u00e9miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncog\u00e8nes, D\u00e9partement de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris, France"},{"name":"Cellule Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"},{"name":"Master Biosciences, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure (ENS) de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Percher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Epid\u00e9miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncog\u00e8nes, D\u00e9partement de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris, France"},{"name":"Cellule Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cit\u00e9, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Jeannin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Epid\u00e9miologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncog\u00e8nes, D\u00e9partement de Virologie, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France"},{"name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 3569, Paris, 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