{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T20:12:15Z","timestamp":1787688735496,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Influenza viruses represent a significant threat to global public health. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNA molecules, play pivotal roles in regulating gene expression and have emerged as critical modulators of host-virus interactions. To investigate the functions of miRNAs during influenza virus infection, a miRNA library was constructed and sequenced using DF1 cells infected with the H9N2 influenza virus. From the differentially expressed miRNAs, we identified miR-92 as a key antiviral host factor. Mechanistically, miR-92 inhibits viral replication by targeting TNFRSF1B, which, in turn, enhances type I interferon signaling responses. Promoter region analysis demonstrated that the transcription factor OCT1 binds to the miR-92 promoter and positively regulates its transcriptional activity. Additionally, our study revealed that TNFRSF1B interacts with TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and mediates TRAF3 degradation via the autophagolysosomal pathway. Specifically, TNFRSF1B facilitates the removal of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains from TRAF3. Collectively, these findings indicate that TNFRSF1B negatively regulates IFN-I responses through autophagolysosomal-mediated TRAF3 degradation, while miR-92 counteracts this inhibitory effect to exert antiviral activity. In summary, our research delineates a novel regulatory axis that modulates the interferon pathway and H9N2 influenza virus replication, providing new insights into host antiviral defense mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>The miR-17-92 cluster is a well-established key regulator of viral infection. However, the specific role of miR-92, an essential member of this cluster, in modulating avian influenza virus infection remains poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that avian miR-92 exerts robust antiviral activity by directly inhibiting AIV replication. Critically, we report for the first time that the transcription factor OCT1 binds to the promoter region of miR-92 and transcriptionally regulates its expression. Mechanistically, miR-92 targets TNFRSF1B to enhance type I interferon production. Strikingly, TNFRSF1B mediates the degradation of TRAF3, thereby dampening IFN-I signaling. Together, our findings establish miR-92 as a pivotal antiviral effector during AIV infection. Beyond advancing our understanding of small RNA-mediated control of influenza virus replication, this work identifies miR-92 and its regulatory network as promising targets for the development of miRNA-based antiviral therapeutics.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00674-26","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T13:00:42Z","timestamp":1781269242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gga-miR-92-targeted TNFRSF1B inhibits the replication of influenza A virus by degrading TRAF3"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1701-6522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05td3s095","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"MOE International Joint 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