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The anticancer drug mitoxantrone is unique among the inhibitors identified in that it has no apparent impact on viral gene expression. Rather, it blocks processing of viral structural proteins and assembly of mature progeny virions. The isolation of mitoxantrone-resistant vaccinia strains underscores that a viral protein is the likely target of the drug. Whole-genome sequencing of mitoxantrone-resistant viruses pinpointed missense mutations in the N-terminal domain of vaccinia DNA ligase. Despite its favorable activity in cell culture, mitoxantrone administered intraperitoneally at the maximum tolerated dose failed to protect mice against a lethal intranasal infection with vaccinia virus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00770-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,10]],"date-time":"2007-10-10T20:39:28Z","timestamp":1192048768000},"page":"13392-13402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Identification of Novel Antipoxviral Agents: Mitoxantrone Inhibits Vaccinia Virus Replication by Blocking Virion Assembly"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peihong","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Program"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Ciro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HTS Core Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald F.","family":"Smee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakim","family":"Djaballah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HTS Core Laboratory, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart","family":"Shuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Program"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.12.6335-6343.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(87)90444-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.6.3515-3527.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.11.4387-4394.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2003.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.17.8973-8976.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.20.11279-11283.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.22.12147-12156.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.18.1.14-20.1969"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1534874100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"30","volume":"48","year":"1995","unstructured":"De Isabella, P., M. 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