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Smallpox-specific CD4 T-cell responses were present in the blood of 52% of the subjects studied, while smallpox-specific CD8 T cells were rarely detected (12%). With one exception, smallpox-specific T cells were not measurable in gut tissues. Interestingly, NYVAC vector-specific and HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses were detected in almost 100% of the subjects immunized with DNA-C\/NYVAC-C in blood and gut tissues. The large majority (83%) of NYVAC-specific CD4 T cells expressed \u03b14\u03b27 integrins and the HIV coreceptor CCR5. These results demonstrate that the experimental DNA-C\/NYVAC-C HIV vaccine regimen induces the homing of potentially protective HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells in the gut, the port of entry of HIV and one of the major sites for HIV spreading and the depletion of CD4 T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00788-11","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,21]],"date-time":"2011-07-21T02:10:58Z","timestamp":1311214258000},"page":"9854-9862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["DNA\/NYVAC Vaccine Regimen Induces HIV-Specific CD4 and CD8 T-Cell Responses in Intestinal Mucosa"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Perreau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugh C.","family":"Welles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Harari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"},{"name":"Swiss Vaccine Research Institute, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivia","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Maillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian","family":"Dorta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Alexandre","family":"Bart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique Mol\u00e9culaire de Montpellier, CNRS 5535, Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Montpellier I &amp; 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