{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:52:53Z","timestamp":1791568373200,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,15]],"date-time":"2017-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508025600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000052","name":"HHS | NIH | NIH Office of the Director","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R21AI131696-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21AI131696-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007131","name":"Texas Tech University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Seed Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Seed Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007131","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Recent worldwide outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and the lack of an approved vaccine raise serious concerns regarding preparedness to combat this emerging virus. We used a virus-like particle (VLP)-based approach to develop a vaccine and a microneutralization assay for ZIKV. A synthetic capsid-premembrane-envelope (C-prM-E) gene construct of ZIKV was used to generate reporter virus particles (RVPs) that package a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter-expressing West Nile virus (WNV) replicon. The assay was adapted to a 96-well format, similar to the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and showed high reproducibility with specific detection of ZIKV neutralizing antibodies. Furthermore, C-prM-E and prM-E VLPs were tested as vaccine candidates in mice and compared to DNA vaccination. While the ZIKV prM-E construct alone was sufficient for generating VLPs, efficient VLP production from the C-prM-E construct could be achieved in the presence of the WNV NS2B-3 protease, which cleaves C from prM, allowing virus release. Immunization studies in mice showed that VLPs generated higher neutralizing antibody titers than those with the DNA vaccines, with C-prM-E VLPs giving slightly higher titers than those with prM-E VLPs. The superiority of C-prM-E VLPs suggests that inclusion of capsid may have benefits for ZIKV and other flaviviral VLP vaccines. To facilitate the VLP platform, we generated a stable cell line expressing high levels of ZIKV prM-E proteins that constitutively produce VLPs as well as a cell line expressing ZIKV C-prM-E proteins for RVP production. While several vaccine platforms have been proposed for ZIKV, this study describes a safe, effective, and economical VLP-based vaccine against ZIKV.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            To address the growing Zika virus epidemic, we undertook this study with two objectives: first, to develop a safe, effective, and economical vaccine for ZIKV, and second, to develop a rapid and versatile assay to detect the anti-ZIKV immune response. We generated a cell line stably expressing ZIKV prM-E that produces large amounts of VLPs in the supernatant and a ZIKV C-prM-E cell line that produces reporter virus particles upon transfection with a GFP replicon plasmid. The prM-E VLPs induced a strong neutralizing antibody response in mice that was better when the capsid was included. VLP-based vaccines showed significantly better neutralizing antibody responses than those with their DNA counterparts. The RVP-based microneutralization assay worked similarly to the PRNT assay, with a rapid GFP readout in a 96-well format. Our VLP-based platform provides a source for a ZIKV vaccine and diagnosis that can rapidly be adapted to current outbreaks.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00834-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,10]],"date-time":"2017-08-10T00:50:35Z","timestamp":1502326235000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Development of Virus-Like-Particle Vaccine and Reporter Assay for Zika Virus"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Garg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melina","family":"Sedano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas 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