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However, HCMV can cause end-organ disease that results in death in the immunosuppressed and is a leading cause of birth defects. HCMV infection depends on host metabolism, including lipid metabolism. However, the viral mechanisms for remodeling of metabolism are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that the viral UL37x1 protein (pUL37x1) is important for infection-associated increases in lipid metabolism, including fatty acid elongation to produce very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). Furthermore, we found that HCMV infection results in a significant increase in phospholipids, particularly those with VLCFA tails (PL-VLCFAs). We found that pUL37x1 was important for the high levels of fatty acid elongation and PL-VLCFA accumulation that occur in HCMV-infected cells. Our findings identify a viral protein that is important for changes in lipid metabolism that occur following HCMV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00843-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,6]],"date-time":"2019-08-06T09:22:41Z","timestamp":1565083361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Human Cytomegalovirus pUL37x1 Is Important for Remodeling of Host Lipid Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Yuecheng","family":"Xi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Harwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"},{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.","family":"Purdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"},{"name":"BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"1960","volume-title":"Fields virology","author":"Mocarski ES","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mocarski ES, Shenk T, Griffiths P, Pass RF. 2013. 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