{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:40:40Z","timestamp":1790016040918,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000928","name":"Welch Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Q1278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Q1278"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000928","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004944","name":"Department of Energy, Labor and Economic Growth","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-AC02-05CH11231"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-AC02-05CH11231"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004944","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>IAV is responsible for several pandemics over the last century and continues to infect millions annually. The frequent rise in drug-resistant strains necessitates exploring novel targets for developing antiviral drugs that can reduce the global burden of influenza infection. Because of its critical role in the replication and pathogenesis of IAV, nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is a potential target for developing antivirals. Previous studies suggested that NS1 adopts strain-dependent \u201copen,\u201d \u201csemiopen,\u201d and \u201cclosed\u201d conformations. Here we show, based on three crystal structures, that NS1 irrespective of strain differences can adopt an open conformation. We further show that NS1 from different strains primarily exists in an open conformation in solution and binds to cellular proteins with a similar affinity. Together, our findings suggest that conformational polymorphism facilitated by a flexible linker is intrinsic to NS1, and this may be the underlying factor allowing NS1 to bind several cellular factors during IAV replication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00917-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T12:36:33Z","timestamp":1565008593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Influenza A Virus Protein NS1 Exhibits Strain-Independent Conformational Plasticity"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Sayantan","family":"Mitra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilip","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liya","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banumathi","family":"Sankaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Berkeley, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi Muhammad","family":"Moosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine C.","family":"Ferreon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan Chris M.","family":"Ferreon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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