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Cynomolgus macaques were vaccinated with three doses of DNA (DDD), three doses of VRP (VVV group), or a heterologous DNA prime-VRP boost regimen (DDV) using two doses of DNA vaccine and a third dose of VRP vaccine. Four weeks after the final immunization, the DDV group produced the highest dengue virus type 1-specific immunoglobulin G antibody responses and virus-neutralizing antibody titers. Moderate T-cell responses were demonstrated only in DDD- and DDV-vaccinated animals. When vaccinated animals were challenged with live virus, all vaccination regimens showed significant protection from viremia. DDV-immunized animals were completely protected from viremia (mean time of viremia = 0 days), whereas DDD- and VVV-vaccinated animals had mean times of viremia of 0.66 and 0.75 day, respectively, compared to 6.33 days for the control group of animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00996-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,23]],"date-time":"2007-08-23T00:43:54Z","timestamp":1187829834000},"page":"11634-11639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["A Heterologous DNA Prime-Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Replicon Particle Boost Dengue Vaccine Regimen Affords Complete Protection from Virus Challenge in Cynomolgus Macaques"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Lan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Ewing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemavathy","family":"Subramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karla","family":"Block","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Rayner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alphavax Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly D.","family":"Alterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Sedegah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanakatte","family":"Raviprakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viral Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.1860070408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.71.4.3031-3038.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.1999.00540.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.44.100190.003245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.24.13819-13828.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","unstructured":"Prime-boost strategies in DNA vaccines 2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2003.69.48"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"5792","volume":"62","year":"2002","unstructured":"Eiben, G. 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