{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:29:58Z","timestamp":1787016598834,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]],"date-time":"2013-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In recent years, many mumps outbreaks have occurred in vaccinated populations worldwide. The reasons for these outbreaks are not clear. Animal models are needed to investigate the causes of outbreaks and to understand the pathogenesis of mumps virus (MuV). In this study, we have examined the infection of three animal models with an isolate of mumps virus from a recent outbreak (MuV-IA). We have found that while both ferrets and mice generated humoral and cellular immune responses to MuV-IA infection, no obvious signs of illness were observed in these animals; rhesus macaques were the most susceptible to MuV-IA infection. Infection of rhesus macaques via both intranasal and intratracheal routes with MuV-IA led to the typical clinical signs of mumps 2 weeks to 4 weeks postinfection. However, none of the infected macaques showed any fever or neurologic signs during the experimental period. Mumps viral antigen was detected in parotid glands by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Rhesus macaques represent the best animal model for the study of mumps virus pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01028-13","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,15]],"date-time":"2013-05-15T23:32:49Z","timestamp":1368660769000},"page":"8158-8168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Infection of Mice, Ferrets, and Rhesus Macaques with a Clinical Mumps Virus Isolate"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Pei","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"},{"name":"Intercollege Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhixiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Center for Animal Experiment ABSL-3 Laboratory, Wuhan University School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuchang, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiudan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwen","family":"Hirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Hogan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhe","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuchang, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianguo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuchang, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuchang, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review","volume":"77","author":"Galazka AM","year":"1999","unstructured":"GalazkaAM RobertsonSE KraigherA. 1999. Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review. Bull. World Health Organ. 77:3\u201314.","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/inf.1973.5.issue-4.04"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10392"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-78-1-91"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(97)00173-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01309447"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.04.075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","first-page":"1270","article-title":"Mumps outbreak - New York, New Jersey, Quebec, 2009","volume":"58","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2009. Mumps outbreak - New York, New Jersey, Quebec, 2009. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 58:1270\u20131274.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050170088"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01314419"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2010.03263.x","article-title":"Detection of mumps virus-specific memory B cells by transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells into immune-deficient mice","volume":"131","author":"Vandermeulen C","year":"2010","unstructured":"VandermeulenC VerhoyeL VaidyaS ClementF BrownKE HoppenbrouwersK Leroux-RoelsG. 2010. Detection of mumps virus-specific memory B cells by transfer of peripheral blood mononuclear cells into immune-deficient mice. Immunology 131:33\u201339.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.76.4.328","article-title":"Response of ferrets to mumps virus","volume":"76","author":"Gordon I","year":"1956","unstructured":"GordonI PavriK CohenSM. 1956. Response of ferrets to mumps virus. J. Immunol. 76:328\u2013333.","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.3.5.642-647.1971"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.59.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","first-page":"A760","article-title":"Immunocyte response to experimental mumps virus infection in rhesus monkeys","volume":"31","author":"Genco RJ","year":"1972","unstructured":"GencoRJ EmmingsFG FlanaganTD. 1972. Immunocyte response to experimental mumps virus infection in rhesus monkeys. Fed Proc. 31:A760.","journal-title":"Fed Proc."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","first-page":"309","article-title":"The experimental production of mumps in monkeys","volume":"15","author":"Findlay GM","year":"1934","unstructured":"FindlayGM ClarkeLP. 1934. The experimental production of mumps in monkeys. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 15:309\u2013313.","journal-title":"Br. J. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-123-31599"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-1157(79)80033-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"Comparative study on the neurovirulence of different vaccine strains of parotitis virus in monkeys","volume":"29","author":"Rozina EE","year":"1985","unstructured":"RozinaEE HilgenfeldtM. 1985. Comparative study on the neurovirulence of different vaccine strains of parotitis virus in monkeys. Acta Virol. 29:225\u2013230.","journal-title":"Acta Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","first-page":"305","article-title":"Morphological differences in the central nervous system and organs of monkeys inoculated intracerebrally with virulent and attenuated strains of mumps virus","volume":"19","author":"Yuzepchuk SA","year":"1975","unstructured":"YuzepchukSA RozinaEE KaptsovaTI KulishEA. 1975. Morphological differences in the central nervous system and organs of monkeys inoculated intracerebrally with virulent and attenuated strains of mumps virus. Acta Virol. 19:305\u2013310.","journal-title":"Acta Virol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/126.3.249"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-198403000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890050102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01320075"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/133.3.260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06019-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","volume-title":"GB 14922.2-2011.","author":"Standardization Administration of China (SAC)","year":"2011","unstructured":"Standardization Administration of China (SAC). 2011. Laboratory animal---microbiological standards and monitoring. GB 14922.2-2011. Standardization Administration of China (SAC), Beijing, People's Republic of China."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-194909000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60419-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.81.1.93"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01028-13","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01028-13","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T16:15:23Z","timestamp":1715357723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.01028-13"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.01028-13"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01028-13","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-04-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-05-08","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-06-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}