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We previously reported that the SSPE Osaka-2 strain but not the wild-type strains of MV induced acute encephalopathy when they were inoculated intracerebrally into 3-week-old hamsters. The recombinant MV system was adapted for the current study to identify the gene(s) responsible for neurovirulence in our hamster model. Recombinant viruses that contained envelope-associated genes from the Osaka-2 strain were generated on the IC323 wild-type MV background. The recombinant virus containing the M gene alone did not induce neurological disease, whereas the H gene partially contributed to neurovirulence. In sharp contrast, the recombinant virus containing the F gene alone induced lethal encephalopathy. This phenotype was related to the ability of the F protein to induce syncytium formation in Vero cells. Further study indicated that a single T461I substitution in the F protein was sufficient to transform the nonneuropathogenic wild-type MV into a lethal virus for hamsters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01075-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,19]],"date-time":"2010-08-19T01:57:29Z","timestamp":1282183049000},"page":"11189-11199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["The F Gene of the Osaka-2 Strain of Measles Virus Derived from a Case of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Is a Major Determinant of Neurovirulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Minoru","family":"Ayata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaoru","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Ohgimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiichi","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luna Bhatta","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyuu","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Kuwamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 598-8531, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Izumi Municipal Hospital, Osaka 594-0071, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisashi","family":"Ogura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/124.1.86"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.831255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.3.1162-1173.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1998.tb02351.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.24.13062-13068.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","first-page":"335","volume":"23","year":"1970","unstructured":"Baringer, J. 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