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Nonetheless, the phenotype of perforin-deficient CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells was not as severe as that of an absence of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells, suggesting additional effector control mechanisms. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of Fas-Fas ligand (FasL) interactions to CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cell-mediated control of WNV infection. Notably, the cell death receptor Fas was strongly upregulated on neurons in culture and in vivo after WNV infection.<jats:italic>gld<\/jats:italic>mice that were functionally deficient in FasL expression showed increased susceptibility to lethal WNV infection. Although antigen-specific priming of CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues was normal in<jats:italic>gld<\/jats:italic>mice, increased central nervous system (CNS) viral burdens and delayed clearance were observed. Moreover, the adoptive transfer of WNV-primed wild-type but not<jats:italic>gld<\/jats:italic>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells to recipient CD8<jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>or<jats:italic>gld<\/jats:italic>mice efficiently limited infection in the CNS and enhanced survival rates. Overall, our data suggest that CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells also utilize FasL effector mechanisms to contain WNV infection in Fas-expressing neurons in the CNS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01136-07","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,6]],"date-time":"2007-09-06T01:01:38Z","timestamp":1189040498000},"page":"11749-11757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Fas Ligand Interactions Contribute to CD8<sup>+<\/sup>T-Cell-Mediated Control of West Nile Virus Infection in the Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Bimmi","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medicine"},{"name":"Molecular Microbiology"},{"name":"Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. 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