{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:39:03Z","timestamp":1790231943128,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            The tropism of herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) for human sensory neurons infected\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            was examined using dorsal root ganglion (DRG) xenografts maintained in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). In contrast to the HSV-1 lytic infectious cycle\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            , replication of the HSV-1 F strain was restricted in human DRG neurons despite the absence of adaptive immune responses in SCID mice, allowing the establishment of neuronal latency. At 12 days after DRG inoculation, 26.2% of human neurons expressed HSV-1 protein and 13.1% expressed latency-associated transcripts (LAT). Some infected neurons showed cytopathic changes, but HSV-1, unlike varicella-zoster virus (VZV), only rarely infected satellite cells and did not induce fusion of neuronal and satellite cell plasma membranes. Cell-free enveloped HSV-1 virions were observed, indicating productive infection. A recombinant HSV-1-expressing luciferase exhibited less virulence than HSV-1 F in the SCID mouse host, enabling analysis of infection in human DRG xenografts for a 61-day interval. At 12 days after inoculation, 4.2% of neurons expressed HSV-1 proteins; frequencies increased to 32.1% at 33 days but declined to 20.8% by 61 days. Frequencies of LAT-positive neurons were 1.2% at 12 days and increased to 40.2% at 33 days. LAT expression remained at 37% at 61 days, in contrast to the decline in neurons expressing viral proteins. These observations show that the progression of HSV-1 infection is highly restricted in human DRG, and HSV-1 genome silencing occurs in human neurons infected\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            as a consequence of virus-host cell interactions and does not require adaptive immune control.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01375-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,27]],"date-time":"2012-12-27T01:35:08Z","timestamp":1356572108000},"page":"2791-2802","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Tropism for Human Sensory Ganglion Neurons in the Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mouse Model of Neuropathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Leigh","family":"Zerboni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xibing","family":"Che","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Reichelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidong","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Arvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"2502","volume-title":"Fields virology","author":"Roizman B","year":"2007","unstructured":"RoizmanB KnipeDM WhitleyRJ. 2007. Herpes simplex viruses, p 2502\u20132601. In KnipeDM HowleyPM (ed), Fields virology, 5th ed, vol 2. Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.8.6888-6892.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197707142970201"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","volume-title":"Herpes simplex viruses","author":"Whitley R","year":"2001","unstructured":"WhitleyR (ed). 2001. Herpes simplex viruses, 4th ed, vol 2. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA.","edition":"4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-011-0058-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13550280903296353"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02615-05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.63.7.2893-2900.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5457.1500"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Detection and quantification of the rare latently infected cell undergoing herpes simplex virus transcriptional activation in the nervous system in vivo","volume":"292","author":"Sawtell NM","year":"2005","unstructured":"SawtellNM. 2005. Detection and quantification of the rare latently infected cell undergoing herpes simplex virus transcriptional activation in the nervous system in vivo. Methods Mol. Biol. 292:57\u201372.","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.3.1271-1282.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.3.419"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.8.3885-3895.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00204-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289709018295"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/612316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.61.7.2311-2315.1987"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501045102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","first-page":"255","article-title":"Varicella-zoster virus neurotropism in SCID mouse-human dorsal root ganglia xenografts","volume":"342","author":"Zerboni L","year":"2010","unstructured":"ZerboniL ReicheltM ArvinA. 2010. Varicella-zoster virus neurotropism in SCID mouse-human dorsal root ganglia xenografts. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 342:255\u2013276.","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706023104"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02592-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(99)06022-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.1.84-90.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/3151"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02110-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(00)55010-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002679"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-8-1853"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013076"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-3-44"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.22.11541-11550.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02701-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903270111"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.4.2157-2169.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.1.209-217.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-09-04029.1993"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.022301899"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","first-page":"259","article-title":"Herpes simplex viral infection of the mouse trigeminal ganglion. Immunohistochemical analysis of cell populations","volume":"33","author":"Margolis TP","year":"1992","unstructured":"MargolisTP DawsonCR LaVailJH. 1992. Herpes simplex viral infection of the mouse trigeminal ganglion. Immunohistochemical analysis of cell populations. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 33:259\u2013267.","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00243-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.22.14079-14087.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01319810"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050070019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.12.7336-7345.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610847104"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01375-12","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01375-12","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T15:33:36Z","timestamp":1646494416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.01375-12"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.01375-12"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01375-12","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-06-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2012-12-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-02-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}