{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:47:58Z","timestamp":1772758078042,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]],"date-time":"2019-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPP1923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP1923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["240245660 (SFB1129)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["240245660 (SFB1129)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009139","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TTU 04.810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTU 04.810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009139","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TI 07.003 - FP2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TI 07.003 - FP2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009139","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Infektionsforschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TTU 04.704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TTU 04.704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005156","name":"Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ITA - 1193954 - HFST-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITA - 1193954 - HFST-P"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            HIV-1 Nef critically determines virus spread and disease progression in infected individuals by acting as a protein interaction adaptor via incompletely defined mechanisms and ligands. Residues 12 to 39 near the N terminus of Nef have been described as an interaction platform for the Nef-associated kinase complex (NAKC) and were recently identified as essential determinants for a broad range of Nef activities. Here, we report a systematic mapping of this amino acid stretch that revealed the presence of three independent interaction motifs with specific ligands and activities. While downmodulation of cell surface MHC-I depends on M20, two EP repeats are the minimal binding site for the NAKC, and residues 32 to 39 mediate antagonism of the host cell restriction factor SERINC5 as well as downmodulation of cell surface CD4. These results reveal that the N-terminal region of HIV-1\n            <jats:sub>SF2<\/jats:sub>\n            Nef is a versatile and multifunctional protein interaction module that exerts essential functions of the pathogenicity factor via independent mechanisms.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01398-19","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,4]],"date-time":"2019-10-04T08:47:23Z","timestamp":1570178843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Multifunctional Roles of the N-Terminal Region of HIV-1\n            <sub>SF2<\/sub>\n            Nef Are Mediated by Three Independent Protein Interaction Sites"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Swetha","family":"Ananth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Morath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Birthe","family":"Trautz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Tibroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iart Luca","family":"Shytaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Obermaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Stolp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Lusic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver T.","family":"Fackler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Integrative Virology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5238.988"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90097-i"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199501263320405"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02333-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03719-14"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/350508a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2005.02.058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.177.6.1561"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.7.4053-4059.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05788-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/34929"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000000917"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001212"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-08-373209"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.002794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M204698200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0020006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1204322109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M407477200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.04.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.14.8167"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1200652"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M513802200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.5.2906-2914.1994"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.69.8.5048-5056.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15400"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15399"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-092917-043308"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/embo-reports\/kve141"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12412"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.9.2472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-9822(07)00518-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.2328"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.10.2777"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.9.6157-6161.1996"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-9822(00)80086-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02185-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01309-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-9-33"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80331-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(04)00004-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-6-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.03.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01246-16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701420"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.74.6.2907-2912.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200407031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M707760200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02467-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11398"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02230-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2009.0068"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01548-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2010.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00717-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-10-100"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.02344-17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi052052c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90360-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80243-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00196-18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.76.9.4625-4633.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01071-19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.12.7193-7200.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-9822(99)80283-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(99)80284-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1007269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000429"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-9-34"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01423-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2008.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2011.12.008"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01398-19","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.01398-19","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T15:03:12Z","timestamp":1646492592000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.01398-19"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Frank","family":"Kirchhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.01398-19"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.01398-19","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-08-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e01398-19"}}