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In this study, we present the first metatranscriptomic survey of viruses in five introduced mammals: ferrets (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mustela furo<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), stoats (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mustela erminea<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), weasels (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mustela nivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), brushtail possums (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichosurus vulpecula<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), and European hedgehogs (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Erinaceus europaeus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), sampled across both the North and South Islands. Through total RNA sequencing, we identified 11 mammalian-infecting viruses spanning eight viral families, including four novel virus species:\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ferret mastadenovirus, Possum astrovirus, Ferret pestivirus,<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Weasel jeilongvirus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Whole genomes were recovered for six of these viruses, enabling detailed phylogenetic analysis. Notably, we observed strong global geographic clustering in both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Wobbly possum disease virus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ferret hepatitis E virus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , suggesting localized viral evolution following the introduction of their hosts into New Zealand. In addition, the detection of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Human rotavirus A<\/jats:italic>\n                      in hedgehogs highlights the possibility of reverse zoonotic transmission. Together, these findings broaden our understanding of the viral diversity harbored by New Zealand\u2019s introduced mammals and provide a critical foundation for future biocontrol and disease surveillance efforts.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:sec>\n                      <jats:title>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:title>\n                      <jats:p>Introduced mammals in Aotearoa New Zealand not only threaten native biodiversity through predation and competition, but also represent a largely overlooked source of infectious disease risk. Viruses circulating in these species may spill over into native wildlife, livestock, or even humans, while human viruses can also establish in introduced animals and create new reservoirs. Understanding which viruses are present, and how they evolve in isolated host populations, is critical for anticipating future disease outbreaks, improving biosecurity, and guiding wildlife management strategies. This work provides foundational knowledge that links ecology, conservation, and health, highlighting the need to consider pathogens as part of the broader impact of invasive species.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:sec>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01440-25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T14:12:46Z","timestamp":1766153566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Viral surveillance of invasive mammals in New Zealand reveals unique viral lineages reflecting their introduction history"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5452-6994","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rebecca K.","family":"French","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jmxt844","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0823-6096","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Florian","family":"Pichlmueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03b94tp07","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland","place":["Auckland, New Zealand"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03prydq77","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"University of Vienna, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0618-9556","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephanie J.","family":"Waller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jmxt844","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1851-4607","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeremy","family":"Dubrulle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jmxt844","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess","family":"Tuxford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assure Quality","place":["Mt Wellington, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9405-272X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew","family":"Veale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02p9cyn66","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research","place":["Lincoln, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0970-0153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jemma L.","family":"Geoghegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01jmxt844","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago","place":["Dunedin, New Zealand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22975"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1494-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10393-017-1305-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.70914"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28147"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0554-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xin G Wang D Zhang X Cen Q Peng M Liao Y Wang J Le S Cheng J Wu W et al.. 2025. 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